Chapter 15 Flashcards
Know the following terms: adolescent egocentrism, personal fable, invincibility fable and imaginary audience
o Adolescent:
o Egocentrism: Characteristic of adolescent thinking that leads young people (ages 10 to 14) to focus on themselves to the exclusion of others
§ Egocentrism leads adolescents to interpret everyone else’s behavior as if it were a judgment on them.
o Personal fable: Aspect of adolescent egocentrism characterized by an adolescent’s belief that his or her thoughts, feelings, or experiences are unique, more wonderful or awful than anyone else’s.
o Invincibility fable: Adolescent’s egocentric conviction that he or she cannot be overcome or even harmed by anything that might defeat a normal mortal, such as unprotected sex, drug abuse, or high-speed driving.
o Imaginary audience: Other people who, in an adolescent’s egocentric belief, are watching and taking note of his or her appearance, ideas, and behavior
§ This belief makes many teenagers self-conscious.
§ The imaginary audience dominates online.
Know the following terms: inductive reasoning, deductive reasoning, intuitive thought, and analytic thought.
o Inductive reasoning: Reasoning from one or more specific experiences or facts to a general conclusion; may be less cognitively advanced than deduction Sometimes called bottom-up reasoning
o Deductive reasoning: Reasoning from a general statement, premise, or principle, through logical steps, to figure out (deduce) specifics. Sometimes called top-down reasoning
o Intuitive thought: Thought that arises from an emotion or a hunch, beyond rational explanation, and is influenced by past experiences and cultural assumptions.
o Analytic thought: Logical thought that results from analysis, such as a systematic ranking of pros and cons, risks and consequences, possibilities and facts
What is Piaget’s term for the reasoning that characterizes adolescent development in thinking?
o Formal operational thought
§ Fourth and final stage of cognitive development
§ Characterized by more systematic logic and the ability to think about abstract ideas
§ Skill in logically solving the balancing task improved with age.
Know about the experiment with video games and adolescents, what was the main influence on risk-taking?
o Peers watching
How many hours of video games do older children and adolescents play per day, on average?
o 8-11 play about 12 hours a week § Hours a day… o 12-14 play about 15 hours a week § Hours a day…. o 15-18 play about 13-14 hours a week
2 hours a day
? How does the developing reasoning abilities of adolescents impact their ability to think about consequences?
They know consequences in advance. Ex smoking causes cancer
? What types of age-appropriate thinking (be able to use vocabulary terms) could make an adolescent more likely to get into legal trouble (similar to what we discussed in class)?
Intuitive thought 💭
