Chapter 15 Flashcards
Endocrine
inside secretion
hormone
chemical messenger secreted into the blood/lymph that affects target cells
9 major endocrine organs
pineal gland, hypothalamus, pituitary gland, thyroid, parathyroid gland, thymus, adrenal glands, pancreas, gonads
Where is the receptor on water soluble hormones
the cell membrane’s outer surface
What is the structure of water-soluble hormones
based on amino acids, all contain nitrogen
Do water or lipid soluble hormones use second messenger system with cAMP
water-soluble hormones
Timing and life span of water-soluble hormones
Rapid, short lived
Where are receptors on lipid-soluble hormones
Receptors are on the inside
How do lipid-hormones change protein synthesis
the hormone receptor binds to DNA in the nucleus
Timing and life span of lipid-soluble hormones
Slow, longer lived
What are the 4 ways that hormones affect their target cells
1.) increase or decrease enzyme activity that regulates chemical reactions
2.) increase or decrease secretions
3.) change membrane permeability or charge
4.) change protein synthesis site (in the cell, on cell surface, secreted by the cell)
humoral control
levels of solutes in the blood are controlled by hormones
neural control
nervous system regulates hormone release
hormone control
hormones regulate hormones
how do hormones control hormones
the level of hormones in the blood is what controls other hormones
what does the hypothalamus contain
nuclei to release hormones
what does the hypothalamus connect to
the pituitary through the infundibulum
what are the 3 parts to the pituitary gland
hypophysis, adenohypophysis (anterior lobe), neurohypohysis (posterior lobe)
What is the adenohypophysis made of
epithelial tissue developed from the roof of the mouth in early development
How is the adenohypophysis connected to the hypothalamus
hypothalamic-hypophyeal portal system
What is the neurohypohysis made of
Nervous tissue
