Chapter 149 - Heat stroke

Question 1

Three syndromes of heat illness and describe their characteristics

Answer 1

1. HEAT CRAMP
   - muscle spasms due to Na and Cl depletion
2. Heat exhaustion
   - fatigue, weakness, muscle tremors, vomiting and diarrhea
3. Heat stroke
   CNS disturbance
   “hyperthermia associated with a systemic inflammatory response leading to a syndrome of Multiorgan dysfunction with encephalopathy predominates”

Question 2

4 mechanisms of body’s heat dissipation

Answer 2

convection, conduction, radiation, and evaporation
70% of heat loss in dogs and cats occurs by radiation and convection through the skin.
BY increased cutaneous circulation as a result of increased cardiac output and sympathetically mediated peripheral vasodilation

Question 3

The most common CBC abnormality in heatstroke?

Answer 3

nRBCs.
18nRBC per 100 WBCs
91% sensitivity and 88% of specificity for predicting the death
Rapidly decrease within 24h

Question 4

How does the heatstroke affect to coagulation?

Answer 4

Activation of the coagulation cascade is initiated by direct thermal injury to the tissues and endothelium and may result in the consumption of platelets and coagulation factors.

Decreased visceral perfusion and reperfusion injury to GI bleeding can also cause consumption of PLTs and coagulation factors.

Question 5

When the rectal temperature reaches ** F,

cooling measures should be D/Ced

Answer 5

103 degrees F