Chapter 136 - Minimally invasive procedures Flashcards
What are the indications for a thoracoscopy?
- Exploration (ie. underlying disease for pleural effusion), biopsy
- Foreign body removal
- Pericardial window / subtotal pericardectomy
- Lung lobectomy
What are the indications for a laparoscopy?
- Exploration (ie. underlying disease for abdominal effusion), biopsy
- Foreign body removal (mostly in GI)
- Gastropexy
- Pyometra
- Spaying
- Adrenalectomy
What are the indications for a tracheoscopy/bronchoscopy?
- Exploration
- Foreign body removal
- BAL
- Tracheal wash
- Tracheal stenting
What are the indications for a esophagoscopy/gastroscopy/duodenoscopy?
- Exploration, biopsy
- Foreign body removal
- Percutaneous endoscopic gastrotomy tube placement
- Gastropexy
- ALICAM placement in duodenum
What are the indications for a cystourethroscopy?
- Exploration (ie. malignant VS benign urethral obstruction)
- Visualization during laser lithotripsy
- Biospy
- Urethral and vesical FB/calculi
- Ectopic ureter
Name some procedures that can be performed under fluoroscopy?
- Urethral catheterization (with a guide wire)
- Urethral stenting
- Percutaneous ureteral stenting
- Subcutaneous ureteral bypass
- Tracheal stenting
- Intravascular foreign body removal
- Cardiac intervention (ie ballooning, PDA)
- Feeding tube placement
- PDA
What should be taken into consideration when placing a urethral stent in male cats?
It has to be placed from an anterograde approach due to the small size of the urethral orifice unless a previous peritoneal urethrostomy has been performed
What are the complications associated with a ureteral stent?
Injury to the ureter during stent placement, urine leakage, infection, stent migration,
encrustation and reobstruction, hematuria, and stranguria
What are the complications associated with a tracheal stent?
Stent fracture, excessive granulation tissue formation, tracheitis, pneumonia, incorrect deployment, persistent cough
