Chapter 148- Vascular and lymphatic Cutaneous Diseases

Question 1

Ischemic dermopathy characterized by violaceous reticular or ‘netlike’ mottling of skin

Answer 1

Livedo

Question 2

Primary, symmetric, reversible, and uniform discoloration affecting young to middle aged females that is benign

Answer 2

Livedo reticularis

Question 3

Discoloration of livedo is aggravated by

Answer 3

Cold exposure

Question 4

Livid rings are most pronounced on ___, yet the ___& ___ can also be affected

Answer 4

LE&raquo_space; abdomen & UE

Question 5

Painful ulcerations of ankles and forefeet

Answer 5

Livedoid vasculitis

Question 6

Both livedo reticularis and racemosa are associated with vasospastic digits or acrocyanosis.
True or False

Answer 6

True

Question 7

Livedo racemosa + aphasia + lateralizing neurologic signs

Answer 7

Sneddon syndrome

Question 8

__ arteriolar vasospasm leads to livedo reticularis;

__ arteriolar vasospasm leads to livedo racemosa

Answer 8

Physiologic

Protracted

Question 9

__ is warranted in patient with livedoid vasculopathy

Answer 9

Thrombophilia panel

Question 10

Marker for predicting multisystem thrombosis in APAS

Answer 10

Livedo racemosa

Question 11

40% of APAS Patients present with this initial sign

Answer 11

Livedo racemosa

Question 12

Independent risk factor for pregnancy loss in the absence of APAS

Answer 12

Livedo racemosa

Question 13

Treatment for livedo reticularis

Answer 13

Cold avoidance

Question 14

Episodes of erythromelalgia can be triggered by (3)

Answer 14

1. Dependency of the limb
2. Wearing of tight socks, shoes
3. Ingestion of alcohol or spicy foods

Question 15

Secondary erythromelalgia occurs at any age and female predilection.
True or False

Answer 15

False, third decade with equal sex distribution

Question 16

Mechanisms for pathogenesis of erythromelalgia

Answer 16

1. AV shunting

2. Small fiber neuropathy

Question 17

Secondary erythromelalgia is associated with

Answer 17

Polycythemia
Thrombocythemia
Autoimmune disorders

Question 18

CCBs and B blockers are very effective for erythromelalgia.

True or False

Answer 18

False, minimally effective

Question 19

Thromboangiitis obliterans affect __&__ arteries and veins in extremities

Answer 19

Medium & small

Question 20

Thromboangiitis obliterans is more common in __ with onset at age of ___ years old

Answer 20

Men; 20 to 40

Question 21

Involvement of multiple limbs is atypical for Thromboangiitis obliterans.
True or False

Answer 21

False, typical

Question 22

40% of Thromboangiitis obliterans presents with

Answer 22

Migratory superficial thrombophlebitis

Question 23

Distal pulses (3) absent in Thromboangiitis obliterans

Answer 23

Dorsalis pedis
Posterior tibial
Ulnar

Question 24

Increased prevalence of (4) HlA genotypes have been observed in Thromboangiitis obliterans

Answer 24

HLA A9
HLA A54
HLA B5

Question 25

First line therapy for symptom relief of Thromboangiitis obliterans

Answer 25

Local wound care and analgesics

Question 26

Improves ulcer healing and eliminates rest pain for Thromboangiitis obliterans

Answer 26

Iloprost

Question 27

Smoking 1-2 cigarettes, using nicotine replacements is allowable for Thromboangiitis obliterans. True or False

Answer 27

False, keep the disease active

Question 28

Recommended diagnostic test for lymphedema

Answer 28

Isotopic lymphoscintigraphy

Question 29

__ is preferred Dx modality for lymphedema due to its ability to detect water

Answer 29

MRI

Question 30

___ reduces capillary filtration as well as fibrotic tissue deposition

Answer 30

Coumarin

Question 31

Common complications of longstanding lymphedema (4)

Answer 31

Cellulitis Erysipelas Tinea pedis Lymphangitis

Question 32

Not used as treatment for lymphedema ws it may worsen the condition

Answer 32

Diuretics

Question 33

Therapeutic options for lymphedema (6)

Answer 33

``` Compression Elevation Exercise Manual lymphatic drainage Skin care Surgery ```