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7th > Chapter 106- Aging > Flashcards

Chapter 106- Aging Flashcards

1
Q

Unavoidable physiologic changes in the skin influenced by genetic and hormonal factors

A

Intrinsic or chronologic skin aging

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2
Q

Most powerful source of extrinsic skin aging

A

UV radiation

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3
Q

Larger contributor of skin aging due to greater depth of penetration

A

UVA

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4
Q

Decreased epidermal turnover rate by __ during 3rd to 8th decades

A

30-50%

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5
Q

By 60 years old, nearly __% have graying of hair

A

50

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6
Q

Decrease in sebaceous gland number is noted during aging.

True or False

A

False, constant in no

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7
Q

Dry, extremely pruritic fissured skin with scales

A

Asteatotic eczema

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8
Q

Common complaint of elderly

A

Pruritus or itchy skin

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9
Q

Blood resorption of senile purpura is noted within __ weeks

A

2

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10
Q

Senile purpura is associated with use of

A

Aspirin

Anticoagulants

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11
Q

Preventable changes due to environmental factors

A

Photoaging

Extrinsic Aging

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12
Q

Elderly is defined as

A

X> 65 years old

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13
Q

Intrinsic vs extrinsic

  1. Loss of rete ridges
  2. Reduced ECM
  3. Reduced fibroblasts
  4. Reduced collagen, elastin
  5. Reduced lipids
  6. Solar elastosis
  7. Epidermal thinning
A

2.3.6. Extrinsic

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14
Q

Intrinsic vs Extrinsic

  1. Xerosis
  2. Fine wrinkles
  3. Telangiectasia
  4. Dyspigmentation
  5. Pallor
  6. Decreased elasticity
  7. Fragility
A

1, 6, 7 - both
2, 5, intrinsic
3, 4 extrinsic

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15
Q

Normal consequence of aerobic metabolism

A

Production of ROS

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16
Q

Tandem DNA sequence that are shortened with each somatic cell division

A

Telomeres

17
Q

Final pathway for both intrinsic aging and photoaging

A

Disruption of normal loop at end of telomeres

18
Q

Cell cycle is irreversibly arrested

A

Replicative senescence

19
Q

Of the UV radiation that reaches the earth’s surface, __% is UVA and __% is UvB

A

95%, 5%

20
Q

Source of direct DNA damage, inflammation, and immunosuppression

A

UVB

21
Q

50% of the total solar spectrum which generated ROS

A

Visible light

22
Q

__ does not penetrate thte skin

A 
Infrared B (1400 - 3000nm)
Infrared C (3000nm - 1mm)
23
Q

Critical modulator of redox balance and oxidative stress

A

Estrogen receptor signaling (genomic and nongenomic)

24
Q

Postmenopausal changes (5)

A 
Dryness
Thinner skin
Reduced elasticity
Increased wrinkles 
Decreased collagen content
25
Q

Layer of epidermis most greatly impacted by epidermal atrophy

A

Spinous cell layer

26
Q

Most pronounced and consistent histologic changes of aged skin (2)

A

Flattening of DEJ

Loss of rete ridges

27
Q

Average thickness of stratum corneum changes with age.

True or False

A

False, does not

28
Q

Between 50 and 80 years old, __ results in impaired lipid processing enzymatic activity

A

Abnormal stratum corneum acidification

29
Q

Decrease in epidermal __ accounts for increased dryness and scaling of skin

A

Filaggrin

30
Q

Number of functional melanocytes decline by __% per decade

A

20

31
Q

Most striking histologic alteration of photodamaged dermis

A

Solar elastosis

32
Q

__ is independent of UV exposure and is likely a result of focal epidermal homeostasis

A

Seborrheic keratoses

33
Q

___ has been implicated in seborrheic keratoses

A

Endothelin 1

34
Q

Small, circular, oval red papules due to proliferation of blood vessels that increase in size and number with age and bleeds with minor trauma

A

Senile angioma

Cherry angioma

35
Q

SCC and AK are associated with habitual sun exposure.

True or False

A

True

36
Q

BCC and melanoma are associated with history of __ sun exposure

A

Habitual and intense intermittent

37
Q

Cancer of the inner lining of blood vessels commonly present on head and neck

A

Angiosarcoma

38
Q

Angiosarcoma expresses high levels of __

A

VEGF

VEGFR2

39
Q

Defining characteristic of polycythemia vera

A

Pruritus

7th (23 decks)

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