Chapter 14 Theories Of Personality (2)

Question 1

Behaviorism

Answer 1

Belief that the proper subject matter of psychology is objectively observable behavior- nothing else

Question 2

Contingencies of reinforcement

Answer 2

The occurrence of a reward or punishment following a particular behavior

Question 3

Humanistic psychology

Answer 3

An approach that stresses the uniqueness of the individual

Question 4

Abraham Maslow

Answer 4

Guiding spirit of humanistic movement. “Third force in psychology”

Question 5

Self-actualization

Answer 5

The humanist term for realizing ones unique potential

Question 6

Carl Rogers

Answer 6

Concerned with path to self-actualization or “full functioning.” Many people suffer from a conflict between what they value in themselves and what they believe others value on them.

Question 7

Unconditional positive regard

Answer 7

The perception that individuals significant others value them for what they are, which leads individuals to grant themselves the same regard.

Question 8

Fully Functioning

Answer 8

An individual whose person and self coincide

Question 9

Trait

Answer 9

A tendency to react to a situation in a way that remains stable over time

Question 10

Factor analysis

Answer 10

A complex statistical technique used to indentify the underlying reasons variables are correlated

Question 11

Extrovert

Answer 11

An outgoing, active person who directs his or her energies and interests toward other people and things

Question 12

Introvert

Answer 12

A reserved, withdrawn person who is preoccupied with his or her inner thoughts and feelings

Question 13

The big five

Answer 13

5 traits that show up repeatedly- extroversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, openness to experience, emotional stability.