Chapter 14 Terms: Intelligence

Question 1

Reliability

Answer 1

The degree of consistency with which a test measures a trait or attribute

Question 2

Test-Retest Reliability

Answer 2

An assessment of whether a test is consistent in what it measures from one occasion to another, determined by asking whether the test’s results on one occasion are correlated with results from the same test (or a close variant on it) given at a a later time.

Question 3

Validity

Answer 3

The extent to which a method or procedure measures what it is supposed to measure. Validity is assessed in a variety of ways, including through predictive validity.

Question 4

Predictive Validity

Answer 4

An assessment of whether a test measures what it is intended to measure, based on whether the test scores correlate with (i.e., can predict) some other relevant criterion.

Question 5

General Intelligence (g)

Answer 5

A mental capacity that is hypothesized as contributing to the performance of virtually any intellectual task. The existence of g is documented by the statistical overlap, usually revealed through factor analysis, among diverse forms of mental testing.

Question 6

Fluid Intelligence

Answer 6

The ability to deal with new and usual problems.

Question 7

Crystallized Intelligence

Answer 7

A person’s acquired knowledge, including their response of verbal knowledge and cognitive skills.

Question 8

Inspection Time

Answer 8

The time a person needs to make a simple discrimination between two stimuli; used in some settings as a measure of mental speed, and then used as a way to test the claim that intelligent people literally are capable of faster processing in their brains.

Question 9

Practical Intelligence

Answer 9

The ability to solve everyday problems through skilled reasoning that relies on tacit knowledge acquired through experience.