Chapter 14 - Keratinisation disorders Flashcards
What is the most common acquired keratinisation defect?
Callus
Define xerosis
Dry skin
What is the optimal stratum corneum water concentration?
20-35%
Is salicylic acid (0.1-2%) keratolytic, keratoplastic or both?
Keratoplastic (lytic at 3-6%)
Is benzoyl peroxide keratolytic, keratoplastic or both?
Keratolytic
Is tar keratolytic, keratoplastic or both?
Both
Is selenium sulfide keratolytic, keratoplastic or both?
Both
What effect do luekotriene B4 and prostoglandin E2 have on basal epidermal cells?
Increase DNA synthesis and stimulate epidermal proliferation
Vitamin A responsive dermatosis is reported in which breeds of dog?
Cocker spaniels, Labradors, Min. Schuazers and Gordon Setters
Name four diseases that can cause nasodigital hyperkeratosis
Distemper Leishmaniasis PF SLE Zinc-responsive dermatosis Drug reaction Generic dog food dermatosis Cutaneous lymphoma
Why does alopecia occur with canine tail gland hyperplasia?
Friction and compression of hair follicles by hyperplastic glands
At which anatomical site does scaling typically start with thymoma associated exfoliative dermatitis?
Head and pinnae
With thymoma associated exfoliative dermatitis, is the hydropic interface dermatitis seen on histopathology cell-rich or cell-poor?
Cell-poor
Carcinoid syndrome in dogs, which causes erythroderma, is associated with which tumours?
Pulmonary adenocarcinoma and intestinal carcinoma
In vitamin A responsive dermatosis, where is hyperkeratosis most prominent on histopathology?
Follicular ostea
What is the age of onset of feline acne?
4 years (6m -14y)
List the types of lesions seen in feline acne in order of frequency of occurrence
- Comedones (73%)
- Alopecia (68%)
- Crusts (55%)
- Papules (45%)
- Erythema (41%)
- Pruritus (35%)
- Pustules (9%)
- Nodules/fistulas (9%)
- Scarring (4.5%)
How common are bacterial and Malassezia overgrowth in cats with acne?
Malassezia 18%
Bacterial 45%
Name three histopath features of feline acne
- Lymphoplasmacytic periductal inflammation (86%)
- Sebaceous gland duct dilatation (73%)
- Follicularkeratosis with plugging and dilatation (59%)
- Epitrichial gland occlusion and dilatation (32%)
- Folliculitis (27%)
- Pyogranulomatous sebaceous adenitis (23%)
- Furunculosis (23%)
Transglutaminase is dependent on which mineral/ion?
Calcium
Absence of NIPAL4 or PNPLA1, as in ichthyosis of American bulldogs and golden retrievers, leads to loss of which epidermal structure?
Corneocyte lipid envelope
AND thinning of the cornified envelope
