Chapter 14 - Imperfect Subjunctive; The Conditional;

Question 1

What is the imperfect subjunctive verbal form?

Answer 1

The imperfect subjunctive is used to express doubt, emotion, volition, and nonexistence within a past-tense or hypothetical context. That is, it is used in the same way as the present subjunctive, only it occurs in an imperfect past context.

Question 2

How do you form an imperfect subjunctive sentence construction?

Answer 2

Just like a present subjunctive, except with an imperfect verb in the independent clause.

Independent clause w/ imperfect verb + que + dependent clause w/ imperfect subjunctive.

Los niños querían que los leváramos al parque.
The kids were wanting for us to take them to the park.

Los niños quisieron que los compráramos un helado.
The kids wanted us to buy them ice cream.

Los niños habían querido que celebráramos su cumpleaños.
The kids had wanted us to celebrate his birthday.

Question 3

How do you form an imperfect subjunctive verb?

Answer 3

Take the preterite, third person plural form of the verb and then remove the “on” and add the imperfect subjunctive endings.

Question 4

What are the imperfect subjunctive stem endings?

Answer 4

a
as
a

amos
ais
an

Question 5

Conjugate “viajar” into the imperfect subjunctive:

Answer 5

viajar > viajaron > viajar- > viajar-a

viajara
viajaras
viajara

viajáramos
viajarais
viajaran

Question 6

Conjugate “ver” into the imperfect subjunctive:

Answer 6

ver > vieron > vier > vier-a

viera
vieras
viera

viéramos
vierais
vieran

Question 7

Conjugate “salir” into the imperfect subjunctive:

Answer 7

salir > salieron > salier > salier-a

saliera
salieras
saliera

saliéramos
salierais
salieran

Question 8

Conjugate “ir” into the imperfect subjunctive:

Answer 8

ir > fueron > fuer > fuer-a

fuera
fueras
fuera

fuéramos
fuerais
fueran

Question 9

Conjugate “pedir” into the imperfect subjunctive:

Answer 9

pedir > pidieron > pidier > pidier-a

pidiera
pidieras
pidiera

pidiéramos
pidierais
pidieran

Question 10

What is the Conditional Indicative verbal form?

Answer 10

The Conditional is a mood used in order to talk about events that might or could happen in the future, under certain conditions.

Ojalá que me toque la loteria. Usaría el diner para viajar por todo el mundo. Primero iría a Sudamerica y luego viajaría por Africa.

I hope I win the lottery. I would use th emoney to travel all over the world. First, I would go to South America and later I would travel through Africa.

Question 11

The conditional is also used to…?

Answer 11

1. Soften requests or make suggestions in a more courteous way.
   - ¿Podría decirme cuando sale el autobus para la playa?
   Could you please tell me when the bus leaves for the beach?
   - ¿Querría usted cambiar de asiento?
   Would you like to change seats?
2. Speculate about current events, similarly to the way the future tense is used.

-No sé por que llegó tan tarde el tren. Tal vez habría nieve.
I don’t know why the train arrived so late. Maybe there was snow.

Question 12

What are the two words often used to speculate about current events with the conditional?

Answer 12

Tal vez and quizás (both meaning “perhaps” or “maybe”).

Question 13

How do you form a conditional indicative verb?

Answer 13

It is very similar to the future tense, where you add the conditional stem endings to the full infinitive, not just the stem, of regular -AR, -ER, and -IR verbs.

Question 14

What are the conditional stem endings?

Answer 14

ía
ías
ía

íamos
íais
ían

Question 15

Conjugate “viajar” into the conditional indicative:

Answer 15

viajar:

viajaría
viajarías
viajaría

viajaríamos
viajaríais
viajarían

Question 16

Irregular conditional verbs: conjugate “decir” into the conditional indicative:

Answer 16

diría
dirías
diría

diríamos
diríais
dirían

Question 17

Irregular conditional verbs: conjugate “hacer” into the conditional indicative:

Answer 17

haría
harías
haría

haríamos
haríais
harían

Question 18

Irregular conditional verbs: conjugate “poder” into the conditional indicative:

Answer 18

podría
podrías
podría

podríamos
podríais
podrían

Question 19

Irregular conditional verbs: conjugate “querer” into the conditional indicative:

Answer 19

querría
querrías
querría

querríamos
querríais
querrían

Question 20

Irregular conditional verbs: conjugate “saber” into the conditional indicative:

Answer 20

sabría
sabrías
sabría

sabríamos
sabríais
sabrían

Question 21

Irregular conditional verbs: conjugate “poner” into the conditional indicative:

Answer 21

pondría
pondrías
pondría

pondríamos
pondríais
pondrían

Question 22

Irregular conditional verbs: conjugate “salir” into the conditional indicative:

Answer 22

saldría
saldrías
saldría

saldríamos
saldríais
saldrían

Question 23

Irregular conditional verbs: conjugate “tener” into the conditional indicative:

Answer 23

tendría
tendrías
tendría

tendríamos
tendríais
tendrían

Question 24

Irregular conditional verbs: conjugate “venir” into the conditional indicative:

Answer 24

vendría
vendrías
vendría

vendríamos
vendríais
vendrían

Question 25

What is the conditional form of “hay”?

Answer 25

“Habría”

Habría un problema.
There must have been a problem.

Question 26

What uses does “si” have with the conditional?

Answer 26

Using “si” (“if”), one can use the conditional to express events that are extremely unlikely to happen.

For ridiculously unlikely situations:
Si + imperfect subjunctive + conditional
Si tuviera el dinero, haría un viaje por Africa.
If I had the money, I would take a trip through Africa.

For situations that could actually happen:
Si + present indicative + a future verb or “ir + a + infinitive”.
Si tengo el dinero, haré un viaja.
If I have the money, I will take a trip.