CHAPTER 14- HOMEOSTASIS 🤎 Flashcards
explain the meaning of homeostasis, state four importances of homeostasis in animals
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state the meaning of internal stimuli and explain how four external stimuli affect the body
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define negative feedback, explain a negative feedback control loop including all necessary information and key words (internal and external stimuli + receptors + effectors)
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explain the difference between negative and positive feedback
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define coordination systems, state and describe two coordination systems in mammals
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summarise then explain in detail, where and how urea is produced using keywords or diagrams if necessary
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AS LEVEL RECAP: explain how carbon dioxide is eliminated from the body as a waste product
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Using the diagram in your notes, label the seven parts of the kidney
-Describe the structure, functions or both of the labelled parts of the kidney
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What is a nephron? Using the diagram in your notes, identify six parts of the nephron along with it’s associated blood vessels and structures
-Describe the structure, functions or both of these parts of a nephron
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Using photomicrographs and electron micrographs in your notes, identify parts of the nephron along with it’s associated blood vessels and structures
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Briefly summarise the two stages that take place to form urine and where they take place
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Describe and explain the process of ultrafiltration IN DETAIL
-State and explain how three different factors affect the glomerular filtration rate
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Describe and explain the process of selective reabsorption IN DETAIL
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Relate the structure of the Bowman’s capsule and proximal convoluted tube to their functions in the formation of urine
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Through description, show your understanding of osmoregulation and osmoreceptors
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Explain the role of the hypothalamus, posterior pituitary gland antidiuretic hormone (ADH), aquaporins and collecting ducts in osmoregulation, use diagrams if necessary and explain how ADH performs it’s function IN DETAIL
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Describe the different substances, tissues or cells involved in the control of blood glucose
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AS LEVEL- explain the pathway of cell signaling in three steps
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Using a diagram, explain IN DETAIL what happens when blood glucose sugar increases. Use keywords in your explanation
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Using a diagram, summarise then explain IN DETAIL what happens when blood glucose sugar decreases. Use keywords in your explanation
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With reference to relevant enzymes, explain IN DETAIL how test strips and biosensors are used to measure the concentration of glucose in blood and urine
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Briefly explain the role of the stomata and state how they carry out this role
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Describe the relationship between the structure and function of guard cells
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Elaborate on the opening and closing of the stomata IN DETAIL with reference to rhythms
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