Chapter 14 Flashcards
Concerns
Sex, violence, lawlessness. Children easily influenced, change story telling style
Role of theory and research
Cognitive effects, how we view the world, research agendas
Semiotics
Study of signs and symbols
Semiotics and Ferdinand de Saussure
Signifier (form) and signified (what the form represents). Rose (valentine v thorns) we know to stop at a stop sign.
Framing
Every story is told in a particular way that influences how readers think of the story. Rights v benefits
Hypodermic needle model/ magic bullet model
Derived from stimulus response models. Messages have a profound direct and uniform impact on the public
Payne fund
Impact of film viewing on children. Impact varies based on backgrounds. Learn negative and positive effects.
Radios wider impact
War of the worlds.
Television and violence
Pied piper- provides model for kids to imitate.
Bobo doll: more likely to punch doll if violent person was rewarded
Cultivation analysis and mean world syndrome
Cultivates a view of reality similar to television programs. Lots of murders being shown, causes mean world syndrome. World is more dangerous than it actually is
Spiral of silence hypothesis
People won’t express their opinions if they feel they’re the minority. People have fear of isolation. Don’t want to feel the minority, people have sixth sense that allows them to tell who is majority
Third person effect
Media message doesn’t affect the desired audience but a different one.
User and gratification search
Why people use a particular media. And what they do with their media
Encoding/decoding
Audience has to decode messages
Cultural studies
Understanding the environment created by mass media and the role it plays in culture
Culture industry
Mass communication Industries create culture products. Distinguished between high art and popular art
Epistemology
A way of framework for understanding the world
Positivism
There’s an objective reality that can be discovered and explained through rigorous scientific research
Post positivism
There might be some things we can’t know through scientific inquiry
Postmodernism
There is no absolute truth, attempts to make grand narratives are pointless
Social constructionism
Much of what we know is constructed through our social interactions
Ethnography
Qualitative research involving participant participation
Qualitative research
Describes phenomena in words instead of numbers. In depth interviews, focus groups, ethnography
Quantitative
Numbers as measurement. Surveys, excitements
Propaganda
Dissemination of a belief, with the intention to mold public opinion
Major difference between hypodermic needle model and limited effects model
Hypodermic needle: stimulus response that states media messages have a direct and inform impact on public
Limited effects: larger, more fundamental system of influences that everyone is subject to. Basic forces shaping the individuals tastes, attitudes, and behaviors
Agenda setting
Role media play in deciding which topics to cover, which topics are important and discussion worthy
Four theories of the press
Authoritarian, libertarian, social responsibility, soviet
Authoritarian
Authoritarian governments exert control over the media
Libertarian theory
Individuals right to publish whatever they want, even material that is critical of government officials
Social responsibility theories
Describes medias role in democratic societies. Media is vital to informing citizens. Should be free from governmental restraints in order to provide impartial information
Soviet theory
Media should be publicly owned and used to further the needs of the working class
