Chapter 14 Flashcards
DEFINE
Psychoneuroimmunology
the interactions among behavioural, neuroendocrine, and immunological processes of adaptation.
DEFINE
Immunocompetence
How well our immune system is working, or how effective it is
LIST
What are the 2 primary ways to assess immunocompetence?
- Examine immune cells (T, B and NK Cells) and antibodies levels
- Look at the functioning levels of these cells (Assessment of Activation, transformation, proliferation and cytotoxicity)
DEFINE
Autoimmune Disorder
A specific category of disorders that are heavily related to the immune system. These are disorders that are caused by the immune system attacking the body’s own tissue because it thinks that it is a foreign invader
LIST
What are the 4 common autoimmune disorders mentioned in the text?
and what part of the body they affect
- Rheumatoid Arthritis: Affects the tissue lining the joints
- Type I Diabetes: Pancreas
- Multiple Sclerosis: Destruction of the myelin sheath
- Irritable Bowel Disease (different from IBS): Inflammation of intestines
EXPLAIN
What is Human Immunodeficiency Virus?
a retrovirus, which means that it inserts its own DNA into the host cell, and it works by attacking Helper T Cells and Macrophages
spread by contact with certain bodily fluids of a person with HIV, most commonly during unprotected sex or sharing needles
EXPLAIN
What is Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS)
The most advanced stage of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)
EXPLAIN
What is Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy? (HAART)
a treatment has been developed that has really helped improve the quality of life of AIDS patients. It is a combination of several antiviral medications.
Can not cure HIV, but makes it undetectable and untransmittable (U=U)
LIST
Who were the 2 most at-risk groups when AIDS first emerged?
- Men Loving Men (MLM)
- Intravenous (Use of needles) drug users
LIST
What are some interventions used to reduce the spread of HIV?
- Education & Disclosure
- Reduction of high risk practices
- Cognitive Behaviour Therapy
- Prevention Programs
EXPLAIN
What is cancer?
a disease that results from a dysfunction in DNA, which causes the rapid growth of cells and allows them to proliferate. Resulting in way too many cells in your body that use up your body’s resources.
EXPLAIN
What are the sex differences for cancer?
- Similar rates of development
- Difference types of cancers are more common for each sex (Breast cancer for women, Prostate Cancer for men)
LIST
What are 2 most deadly cancers?
- Lung Cancer
- Colorectal Cancer
EXPLAIN
What is Arthritis?
the inflammation of a joint and/or other connective tissue
LIST
What are the types of Arthritis discussed in the text?
- Rheumatoid Arthritis (Autoimmune response to joint membranes)
- Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis (Specifically occuring in prepubesent kids; most common in girls)
- Oseoarthritis (Cracking and wearing of articular cartilage)
- Gout (build up of Uric Acid)
- Lupus (group of autoimmune diseases; most common childbearing age women)
