Chapter 2 Flashcards
EXPLAIN
What is the primary function of the nervous system?
To regulate important bodily functions
LIST
What are the two main types of nerves in the nervous system?
Sensory nerve fibres
Motor nerve fibres
EXPLAIN
What do sensory nerve fibres do?
Provide information to the brain and spinal cord via sensory receptors
EXPLAIN
What do motor nerve fibres do?
Provide information/output from the brain or spinal cord to muscles and organs
LIST
What does the Central Nervous System (CNS) consist of?
Brain
Spinal cord
EXPLAIN
What does the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) contain?
Includes all the remaining nerves in the body, excluding the spinal cord and brain
EXPLAIN
What does the somatic nervous system control?
Voluntary movement
EXPLAIN
What does the autonomic nervous system connect?
The brain and spinal cord to internal organs; Controls involuntary movement
What is the sympathetic nervous system responsible for?
Preparing the body for stress and controlling the fight or flight response
What are some effects of the sympathetic nervous system activation?
- Heart rate increases
- Blood pressure increases
- Blood diverted to muscles
- Respiration increases
- Digestion and urination decrease
- Pupils dilate
- Sweat glands stimulated
What is the role of the parasympathetic nervous system?
Controls activity of organs when not in a stressful situation and helps restore the body to normal
What are the three main parts of the brain?
- Hindbrain
- Midbrain
- Forebrain
What is the function of the medulla?
Involved in heart regulation, blood pressure, and respiration
What does the cerebellum coordinate?
Voluntary muscle movement, balance, muscle tone, and posture
What role does the thalamus play in the brain?
Recognizes sensory stimulation and relays sensory impulses to the cerebral cortex
What is the function of the hypothalamus?
Regulates centers in the medulla, water balance, hunger, and sexual appetites
What are the four lobes of the cerebral cortex?
- Frontal
- Parietal
- Temporal
- Occipital
What is the role of the amygdala?
Helps recognize and respond to threats
What neurotransmitters are released when the sympathetic nervous system is activated?
- Epinephrine
- Norepinephrine
Combined are called Catecholamines
Fill in the blank: The _______ nervous system helps the body return to a normal state after a stressor has passed.
[parasympathetic]
DEFINE
Endocrine System
A system that works closely with the nervous system to make sure our bodies are functional
LIST
What 2 brain structures controll the endocrine system?
Hypothalamus
Pituitary Gland
EXPLAIN
What are the 2 adrenal glands and where are they located?
Also explain their functions
The adrenal glands are located ontop of the kidney
Adrenal Cortex: Relseases Steroids
Adrenal Medulla: Secretes Catecholamines
