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MAA > Chapter 14 > Flashcards

Chapter 14 Flashcards

1
Q

Four natural sources of drugs..

A

Plants, animals, minerals, microbiologic sources

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2
Q

Drugs used to prevent diseases

A

Prevention

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3
Q

Drugs that relieve the symptoms while the body fights off disease

A

Treatment

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4
Q

Drugs that eliminate the disease

A

Cure

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5
Q

Drugs that do not cure or treat the disease but improve the quality of life

A

Palliation or Palliative

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6
Q

Sometimes ( ) are needed to achieve the therapeutic effect

A

Multiple doses

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7
Q

The provider may prescribe a higher initial dose for some medications, called a

A

Loading dose

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8
Q

This main drug action slows down the cell’s activity

A

Depressing

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9
Q

In this drug action, substances required by the body can be given as medications

A

Replacing substances

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10
Q

Name four factors influencing drug action..

A

Age, sex, diseases, diet

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11
Q

A series of chemical processes whereby enzymes change drugs in the body

A

Metabolism

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12
Q

Most drug metabolism occurs in the( ). Blank children, blank adults, and those with blank may have problems metabolizing medications.

A

Liver, younger, older, liver disease

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13
Q

The movement of absorbed drugs from the blood to the body tissues is called

A

Distribution

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14
Q

The study of drug absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion in the body

A

Pharmacokinetics

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15
Q

BLANK is the movement of metabolites out of the body. Most drugs are excreted through the BLANK and BLANK.

A

Excretion, large intestine, kidneys

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16
Q

Fastest way drugs are absorbed

A

Intravenous (IV)

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17
Q

PO

A

Oral (taken by mouth)

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18
Q

SL

A

Sublingual ( placed under the tongue to dissolve)

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19
Q

Buccal

A

Place between the cheek and the gums

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20
Q

SUBQ or SC

A

Subcutaneous

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21
Q

Subcutaneous

A

Injected just below the skin; moves into the capillaries or the lymphatic vessels and is brought to the bloodstream

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22
Q

IV (intravenous)

A

Injected directly into the bloodstream

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23
Q

Lost four factors influencing absorption

A

Route, blood flow to the absorption area, conditions at the site of the absorption, ability of the medication to be absorbed

24
Q

One drug reduces or blocks the effect of another drug.

A

Antagonism

25
Q

The combined effect of two drugs used together is greater than the sum of each drug’s effect

A

Synergism

26
Q

A type of synergism. One drug increases the effect of the second drug

A

Potentiation

27
Q

A common adverse reaction.
A peculiar response to a certain drug. For example, when Benadryl is given to children they get extremely agitated

A

Idiosyncrasy

28
Q

A common adverse reaction. Extreme hypersensitivity to a certain drug that can cause life-threatening symptoms, including swelling of the mouth and airway, difficulty breathing, wheezing, loss of consciousness and death

A

Anaphylaxis

29
Q

A common adverse reaction. When meds are taken routinely and the prior dose is not completely metabolized and excreted before the next dose is given

A

Cumulative effect

30
Q

To give a supply of medication that the patient will take later

A

Dispense

31
Q

Who enforces the CSA (controlled substance act)?

A

The DEA

32
Q

The DEA number is good for how many years?

A

3

33
Q

An _____ thins bronchial secretions, making it easier to cough up the mucus

A

Expectorant

34
Q

A ___ promotes stools

A

Laxative

35
Q

An ____ prevents the function of platelets (formation of clots)

A

Anitplatelet

36
Q

A ___ reduces blood clotting abilities

A

Anticoagulant

37
Q

An ____ , such as _____ treats heart arrhythmias

A

Antiarrhythmic, digoxin

38
Q

Side effects of an NSAID

A

GI intolerance, ringing in the ear

39
Q

Conditions or diseases for which the drug is used

A

Indications

40
Q

Reasons or conditions that make administration of the drug improper or undesirable

A

Contraindications

41
Q

The time it takes half the drug to be metabolized or eliminated by normal biological processes

A

Biological half-life

42
Q

The time it takes a drug to produce a response

A

Onset

43
Q

The time it takes for the drug to reach its greatest effective concentration in the blood

A

Peak

44
Q

The time during which the drug is present in the blood at great enough levels to produce a response

A

Duration

45
Q

A solid medication containing the active medication and an antacid

A

Buffered

46
Q

If the active medication dissolves in the liquid, the medication is a ____.

A

Solution

47
Q

If the active medication does not dissolve and becomes suspended in the liquid, it is called a _____.

A

Suspension

48
Q

Medication is administered one time right now

A

Stat order

49
Q

An order that applies to all patients who meet specific criteria

A

Standing order

50
Q

All prescriptions need to include what information?

A

Date of issue, pt info, drug name, drug strength, number of refills

51
Q

IM

A

Intramuscular

52
Q

ung

A

Ointment

53
Q

g

A

Gram

54
Q

gr

A

Grain

55
Q

gtt(s)

A

Drop(s)

MAA (23 decks)

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