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PSY210 > Chapter 14 > Flashcards

Chapter 14 Flashcards

1
Q

census family structure

A

grandchildren live with grandparents but no parents present

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2
Q

the family as a system

A

family evolved as a way to protect and nurture kids during development

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3
Q

authoritarian parenting

A

high control and little warmth

lay down rules with no discussion

want hard work, respect, and obedience

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4
Q

what are children of authoritarian parents like?

A

unhappy, low self esteem, aggressive

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5
Q

authoritative parenting

A

fair degree of control and warm

explain rules and discuss

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6
Q

what parenting style is best for kdis

A

authoritative

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7
Q

permissive parenting

A

warm but not much control

accept kids behaviour and dont punish them often

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8
Q

what are children of permissive parents like?

A

impulsive, no self control

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9
Q

uninvolved parenting

A

not warm and not controlling

provide basic physical/emotional needs but nothing else

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10
Q

what parenting style is associated with lower socioeconomic status

A

authoritarian

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11
Q

can observation produce counterimitation?

A

yes

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12
Q

counterimitation

A

learning what should not be done

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13
Q

reinforcement

A

leads to increase in behaviour

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14
Q

punishment

A

action that discourages recurrence of response that it follows

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15
Q

time in

A

adult talks with child immediately to help them understand situation and their own feelings

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16
Q

is time in possibly better than time out?

A

yes

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17
Q

negative reinforcement trap

A

parents unwittingly reinforce the behaviours they want to discourage

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18
Q

what are the 2 basic dimensions of parental behaviour

A

warmth and control

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19
Q

easy temperament

A

complies with parental requests

and responds well to family discussions and parental expectations

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20
Q

difficult temperament

A

complies reluctantly or not at all

parent becomes more controlling and less affectionate

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21
Q

in temperament/behaviour reciprocal between parents and kids?

A

yes, childs behaviour determines how parents treat them and parental treatment influences the kids behaviour

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22
Q

has number of partnerships (married couples) declined overtime?

A

yes

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23
Q

has the fertility rate declined in canada?

A

yes

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24
Q

how many marriages end in divorce each year

A

1/3

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25
Q

in joint custody, do kids to better with the same sex parent or with the opposite sex parent?

A

same sex parent

ex; boys do better with fathers

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26
Q

blended family

A

biological parent, stepparent and child

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27
Q

are stepfathers reluctant to be involved in the new family?

A

yes

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28
Q

who finds it harder to adjust to new marriages, preadolescent girls or boys?

A

girls

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29
Q

what are the 5 styles of grandparenting

A 
influential 
supportive
authority oriented
passive
detached
30
Q

influential grandparents

A

close to grandchildren and involved

frequently do parental roles including discipline

31
Q

supportive grandparents

A

close and involved with grandkids but do not take on parental roles

32
Q

authority oriented grandparents

A

not involved in grandkids life but provide discipline

33
Q

passive grandparents

A

caught up in the grandkids life but not as involved

do not take on parental roles

34
Q

detached grandparents

A

uninvolved completely

35
Q

are daughters of lesbians more likely to explore same sex relationships?

A

yes

36
Q

firstborn children

A

high expectations on them and more controlled

get more affection

high IQ, likely to go to uni

37
Q

later born children

A

popular with peers

parents more relaxed with the discipline

38
Q

only children

A

most likely to succeed in school

high IQ and self esteem

dont differ in popularity, adjustment and personality

39
Q

3 factors as to why siblings may not get along

A

sex
temperament
age

40
Q

what do children do to solve disputes?

A

negotiate

41
Q

2 common forms of maltreatment

A

sexual abuse

physical abuse

42
Q

other forms of maltreatment

A

neglect

psychological abuse

43
Q

has maltreatment increased recently?

A

yes

44
Q

ego resilience

A

childs ability to respond adaptively and resourcefully to new situations

45
Q

does ego resilience protect children from abuse?

A

yes

46
Q

true or false. parents who maltreat kids were likely maltreated themselves

A

true

47
Q

who is most abused? (2)

A

infants and preschoolers

chronically ill or diabetic kids

48
Q

when does parallel play occur

A

after 1 year

49
Q

parallel play

A

kids play alone but have interest in what other kids are doing

50
Q

when does associative play occur

A

15-18 months

51
Q

associative play

A

engage in similar activities, talk or smile at each other, offer each other toys

52
Q

when does cooperative play occur

A

2 years

53
Q

cooperative play

A

kids organize play around a theme and take on roles

54
Q

is cooperative play with same sex or opposite sex usually

A

same sex

55
Q

when does make believe play occur

A

16 to 18 months

56
Q

what is solitary play related to?

A

divergent thinking

57
Q

when is solitary play unhealthy?

A

hovering

wandering aimlessly

58
Q

does number of peers increase in elementary?

A

yes

59
Q

at what age do kids claim to have a bff?

A

4 to 5

60
Q

key aspects of adolescent friendships

A

intimacy, loyalty, trust

61
Q

true or false. most friends are alike in age, sex, and race

A

true

62
Q

who benefits more from other-sex friendships?

A

boys

63
Q

co rumination

A

friends spend TOO MUCH time together discussing problems

64
Q

who participates in co rumination more?

A

girls

65
Q

mutual antipathies

A

shared dislike for each other

66
Q

what is the best way to reduce teen pregnancy?

A

sex ed programs and teaching how to refuse sex

67
Q

dominance hierarchy

A

leader to whom all members of the group defer

68
Q

is peer pressure always bad?

A

no

69
Q

what are the 5 classes of kids

A 
popular
rejected
controversial
average
neglected
70
Q

latchkey children

A

care for themselves sometimes

71
Q

legal minimum age to leave a child home along

A

10-12

72
Q

family economic stress model

A

explains how much poverty induced stress affects child development

PSY210 (13 decks)

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