Chapter 13- Viruses (EXAM 2) Flashcards
Where do viruses replicate?
only inside host cells
What two phases do viruses exist in?
A virus exists in two phases: intracellular (infected cell) where it is ‘alive,’ and extracellular (virion particle) where it is inactive.
How do viruses differ from bacteria?
Viruses are tinier than bacteria. All viruses have is a protein coat and a core of genetic material, either RNA or DNA. Unlike bacteria, viruses can’t survive without a host. They can only reproduce by attaching themselves to cells.
Are viruses living?
no
multiply inside living cells by using the energy,
metabolites, and biosynthetic machinery of the cell
obligatory intracellular parasites
do viruses make energy or ATP?
no
viruses are enclosed in a protein coat called a _______
capsid
Some viruses have a ______ envelope
lipid
Do viruses pass through a bacteriological filter?
yes
What are viruses made of?
a nucleic acid genome and a protein capsid or coat
virus nucleic acid is one molecule or several (__________ or _________)
much, much smaller than a single human chromosome
segmented or unsegmented
the genome plus the capsid
nucleocapsid
some viruses contain no __________
viral membranes (envelopes)
Some viruses also contain:
envelope or viral membrane taken from the host cell membrane proteins some encoded by the virus some belonging to the host polymerase RNA polymerase or DNA polymerase other virus-encoded proteins
How small are bacteriophages T4 and M13? and MS2
225nm; 800*10 nm; 24 nm
How small are adenovirus?
90 nm
how small are rhinovirus?
30 nm
How small are prions?
20 *20 nm
how small are vaccinia virus?
300200 100 nm
how small are viroid?
300 * 10 nm
how small is ebola virus?
970 nm
how small is an E.coli bacterium?
3000*1000 nm
how small is rabies virus?
170 * 70 nm
how small is rabies virus?
170 * 70 nm