Chapter 13: Theories Of Personality

Question 1

Unique and relatively stable ways in which people think, feel and behave

Answer 1

PERSONALITY

Question 2

Value judgment of a person’s moral and ethical behavior

Answer 2

CHARACTER

Question 3

Characteristics that we are born with

Answer 3

TEMPERAMENT

Question 4

Four Perspectives

Answer 4

1. PSYCHOANALYTIC
2. BEHAVIORISTIC
3. HUMANISTIC
4. TRAIT PERSPECTIVES

Question 5

Founder of psychoanalytic movement

Answer 5

SIGMUND FREUD

Question 6

Divisions of Consciousness:
Info is easily retrieved
Available but not currently conscious

Answer 6

PRECONSCIOUS MIND

Question 7

Divisions of Consciousness:

Aware of immediate surroundings and perceptions

Answer 7

CONSCIOUS MIND

Question 8

Divisions of Consciousness:
Hidden
Can be revealed in dreams and Freudian slips of the tongue

Answer 8

UNCONSCIOUS MIND

Question 9

Parts of Personality:

Present at birth and completely unconscious

Answer 9

ID

Question 10

Principle by which ID functions
Immediate satisfaction of needs
No regard for consequences

Answer 10

PLEASURE PRINCIPLE

Question 11

Parts of Personality:
Need to deal with reality
Mostly conscious, rational and logical

Answer 11

EGO

Question 12

Principle by which EGO functions
Satisfaction of ID
No negative consequences

Answer 12

REALITY PRINCIPLE

Question 13

Parts of Personality:

Acts as a moral center

Answer 13

SUPEREGO

Question 14

Part of SUPEREGO

Contains standards for moral behavior

Answer 14

EGO IDEAL

Question 15

Part of SUPEREGO
Produces pride or guilt
Depending on how well the behavior matches or does not match the Ego ideal

Answer 15

CONSCIENCE

Question 16

Unconscious distortions of a person’s perception of reality that reduce stress and anxiety

Answer 16

DEFENSE MECHANISMS

Question 17

Defense Mechanisms:

Refuses to recognize a threatening situation

Answer 17

DENIAL

Question 18

Defense Mechanisms:
Refuses to consciously remember threatening/ unacceptable event
Pushing events to unconscious mind

Answer 18

REPRESSION

Question 19

Defense Mechanisms:

Invents acceptable excuses for unacceptable behavior

Answer 19

RATIONALIZATION

Question 20

Defense Mechanisms:

Unacceptable impulses or feelings originating with target

Answer 20

PROJECTION

Question 21

Defense Mechanisms:
Forms an opposite reaction to true feelings
Hidden from self and others

Answer 21

REACTION FORMATION

Question 22

Defense Mechanisms:

Redirecting feelings from threatening to less threatening target

Answer 22

DISPLACEMENT

Question 23

Defense Mechanisms:

Falls back on child like patterns

Answer 23

REGRESSION

Question 24

Defense Mechanisms:

Tries to become like someone else to deal with anxiety

Answer 24

IDENTIFICATION

Question 25

Defense Mechanisms:
Substitution
makes up for inferiority in one area by becoming superior in another

Answer 25

COMPENSATION

Question 26

Defense Mechanisms:

Channeling unacceptable urges into socially acceptable behavior

Answer 26

SUBLIMATION

Question 27

Disorder in which a person does not fully resolve conflict in a particular psychosexual stage

Answer 27

FIXATION

Question 28

Psychosexual Stages:
Mouth is the erogenous zone
ID dominated

Answer 28

ORAL STAGE

Question 29

Psychosexual Stages:
Anus
EGO develops

Answer 29

ANAL STAGE

Question 30

Fixated in Anal stage

messy, destructive and hostile

Answer 30

ANAL EXPULSIVE PERSONALITY

Question 31

Fixated in Anal stage

neat, fussy, stingy and stubborn

Answer 31

ANAL RETENTIVE PERSONALITY

Question 32

Psychosexual Stages:
Child discovers sexual feelings
SUPEREGO develops

Answer 32

PHALLIC STAGE

Question 33

Psychosexual Stages:
Sexual feelings are repressed
Child develops in other ways

Answer 33

LATENCY

Question 34

Psychosexual Stages:

Reawakened sexual feelings with appropriate targets

Answer 34

GENITAL