Chapter 13 Review

Question 1

Veronica has been grieving since she lost her beloved husband. At what point would her grief be classified as disordered?

a. when it lasts longer than two weeks
b. when she thinks about memories of her lost loved one
c. when her mother experiences distress due to Veronica

’

s grief
d. when her grief leads to maladaptive or dysfunctional behavior

Answer 1

d. when her grief leads to maladaptive or dysfunctional behavior

Question 2

Last week, Becky read that labels can bias perceptions, so she does not support placing diagnostic labels on psychological problems. If you were trying to convince her that these types of labels do have benefits, you might tell her that mental health professionals use labels to

a. communicate about their clients.
b. study the underlying causes of psychological problems.
c. choose the most effective course of treatment.
d. do all of these things.

Answer 2

d. do all of these things.

Question 3

Years after surviving a shooting at the local mall that killed several close friends, Mr. Deiss suffers jumpy anxiety and frequent nightmares of the event that make him incapable of holding a steady job. Mr. Deiss is most clearly showing signs of

a. obsessive-compulsive disorder.
b. generalized anxiety disorder.
c. posttraumatic stress disorder.
d. dissociative identity disorder.

Answer 3

c. posttraumatic stress disorder.

Question 4

With repeated use of alcohol, a user’s brain chemistry adapts to offset the drug’s effect. As a result, the user demonstrates signs of

a. flat affect.
b. a near-death experience.
c. tolerance.
d. dissociation.

Answer 4

c. tolerance.

Question 5

Janice feels that her life is empty, has lost all interest in her career and hobbies, and wonders if she would be better off dead. She is most likely suffering from

a. a dissociative disorder.
b. disruptive mood dysregulation disorder.
c. major depressive disorder.
d. agoraphobia.

Answer 5

c. major depressive disorder.

Question 6

An effective way to break the cycle of depression is to explain stressful events in terms that are

a. stable and specific.
b. temporary and global.
c. specific and temporary.
d. global and stable.

Answer 6

c. specific and temporary.

Question 7

Which of the following best illustrates a negative symptom of schizophrenia?

a. hallucinations
b. delusions
c. social withdrawal
d. inappropriate rage

Answer 7

c. social withdrawal

Question 8

Lionel is extremely manipulative and can look anyone in the eye and lie convincingly. His deceit often endangers the safety and well-being of those around him, but he is indifferent to any suffering they might experience as a result of his actions. His behavior best illustrates

a. bipolar disorder.
b. dissociative identity disorder.
c. panic disorder.
d. antisocial personality disorder.

Answer 8

d. antisocial personality disorder.

Question 9

Nonsuicidal self-injury is most likely to become a risk factor for suicidal thoughts and future suicide attempts when it coexists with

a. bipolar disorder.
b. OCD.
c. major depressive disorder.
d. an anxiety disorder.

Answer 9

a. bipolar disorder.

Question 10

Based on current research, what would be a correct response to the notion that most people who suffer from mental illness should be institutionalized in order to reduce gun violence?

a. This is a change that should have been done a long time ago.
b. There is a direct link between violent crime and mental illness, so this would help reduce gun violence.
c. Researchers have not been able to determine if there is a link between violent crime and mental illness. Even so, every little bit helps.
d. The use of alcohol or drugs, brain damage, and a history of previous violence are all better predictors of violent crime than mental illness.

Answer 10

d. The use of alcohol or drugs, brain damage, and a history of previous violence are all better predictors of violent crime than mental illness.

Question 11

At one time, disordered people were simply warehoused in asylums. These were replaced with psychiatric hospitals in which attempts were made to diagnose and cure those with psychological disorders. This best illustrates one of the beneficial consequences of

a. the biopsychosocial approach.
b. the DSM-5.
c. the medical model.
d. epigenetics.

Answer 11

c. the medical model.

Question 12

Several times in the past two months, Violet has experienced an irregular heartbeat, intense fear that something horrible is about to happen, and shortness of breath. Violet most likely suffers from

a. obsessive-compulsive disorder.
b. panic attacks.
c. phobias.
d. social anxiety disorder.

Answer 12

b. panic attacks.

Question 13

Mary experiences extreme anxiety when approaching any body of water. Her therapist suggests that her fear results from being caught in the ocean undertow when she was younger. The therapist’s suggestion reflects a ________ perspective.

a. psychoanalytic
b. biological
c. conditioning
d. epigenetic

Answer 13

c. conditioning

Question 14

The experience of vivid geometric images and dreamlike scenes is most likely to be triggered by

a. LSD.
b. heroin.
c. Nembutal.
d. amphetamines.

Answer 14

a. LSD.

Question 15

Two or more weeks of depressed mood or loss of interest in all activities are to ________ disorder as extreme, recurring mood swings are to ________ disorder.

a. major depressive; mania
b. mania; bipolar
c. major depressive; bipolar
d. bipolar; major depressive

Answer 15

c. major depressive; bipolar

Question 16

Children and adolescents who previously may have received a diagnosis for bipolar disorder would now receive a diagnosis of

a. anxiety.
b. depression.
c. major depressive disorder.
d. disruptive mood dysregulation disorder.

Answer 16

d. disruptive mood dysregulation disorder.

Question 17

Oxygen deprivation at the time of birth is a known risk factor for

a. dissociative identity disorder.
b. schizophrenia.
c. major depressive disorder.
d. antisocial personality disorder.

Answer 17

b. schizophrenia.

Question 18

Recent research has concluded that schizophrenia is a

a. group of disorders that is influenced by many genes, each with very small effects.
b. disorder that is caused by only environmental factors.
c. fictitious disorder that should be removed from the DSM.
d. controversial disorder that does not occur in non-Western societies.

Answer 18

a. group of disorders that is influenced by many genes, each with very small effects.

Question 19

Over the last half of the twentieth century, women in Western cultures have expressed ________ body dissatisfaction, and they have experienced a(n) ________ incidence of serious eating disorders.

a. increasing; decreasing
b. increasing; increasing
c. decreasing; decreasing
d. decreasing; increasing

Answer 19

b. increasing; increasing

Question 20

Tonya, who recently discovered her husband was having an affair, disappeared for several days and was found by the police sleeping under a bridge. She claimed that her name was Mary and that she had no clear memory of her life or identity. Her symptoms best illustrate

a. a dissociative disorder.
b. anorexia nervosa.
c. agoraphobia.
d. social anxiety disorder.

Answer 20

a. a dissociative disorder.