Chapter 10 Review

Question 1

One person, alone in a house, dismisses its creaking sounds and experiences no stress; someone else suspects an intruder and becomes alarmed. These different reactions illustrate the importance of

a. the fight-or-flight response.
b. stress appraisal.
c. the faith factor.
d. the general adaptation syndrome.

Answer 1

b. stress appraisal.

Question 2

Alarm, resistance, and exhaustion characterize the phases of

a. the fight-or-flight response.
b. the tend-and-befriend response.
c. the general adaptation syndrome.
d. problem-focused coping.

Answer 2

c. the general adaptation syndrome.

Question 3

Compared with monkeys left in stable groups, those who were housed with three or four new roommates each month were more likely to experience

a. the tend-and-befriend response.
b. reduced blood cholesterol levels.
c. weaker immune system responses.
d. elevated oxytocin levels.

Answer 3

c. weaker immune system responses.

Question 4

Art is a self-employed accountant who works overtime during the first two weeks of April to finish his clients’ tax forms before the filing deadline. During this time, Art is most likely to show a(n)

a. elevated blood cholesterol level.
b. reduction in blood pressure.
c. reduction in blood sugar levels.
d. increased production of lymphocytes.

Answer 4

b. reduction in blood pressure.

Question 5

Maria believes that the outcome of a softball game depends so much on luck that it hardly pays to put any effort into her own athletic training. Her belief most clearly illustrates

a. the Type A personality.
b. the faith factor.
c. problem-focused coping.
d. an external locus of control.

Answer 5

d. an external locus of control.

Question 6

Feeling liked and encouraged by intimate friends and family members has been found to promote

a. a reduction of natural killer cells.
b. an external locus of control.
c. stronger immune functioning.
d. decreased oxytocin levels.

Answer 6

c. stronger immune functioning.

Question 7

Which of the following would be the best predictor of good physical health?

a. being single and unhappy
b. currently being married
c. having a successful marriage
d. recently experiencing a divorce

Answer 7

c. having a successful marriage

Question 8

It has been suggested that a stable worldview may contribute to the stress protection associated with

a. an external locus of control.
b. the adaptation-level phenomenon.
c. religious involvement.
d. a Type A personality.

Answer 8

c. religious involvement.

Question 9

Professor Gazzara was thrilled when he learned that his short story had been approved for publication. His feelings of joy quickly disappeared, however, when he heard a colleague recently had three different short stories accepted for publication. His declining emotional satisfaction is best explained in terms of

a. a happiness set point.
b. relative deprivation.
c. the experience of flow.
d. the adaptation-level phenomenon.

Answer 9

b. relative deprivation.

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT a shared characteristic among those who are happy?

a. They tend to have high self-esteem.
b. They are physically attractive.
c. They are generally optimistic.
d. They sleep well.

Answer 10

b. They are physically attractive.

Question 11

Our reaction to a stressor can include

a. physical responses.
b. emotional responses.
c. both physical and emotional responses.
d. neither physical nor emotional responses.

Answer 11

c. both physical and emotional responses.

Question 12

The stress of racial discrimination for many minorities can be classified as which type of stressor?

a. catastrophe
b. significant life change
c. daily hassle
d. trauma

Answer 12

c. daily hassle

Question 13

The fight-or-flight response is associated with the release of ________ into the bloodstream.

a. serotonin
b. oxytocin
c. lymphocytes
d. stress hormones

Answer 13

d. stress hormones

Question 14

________ are often released to help fight viral infections.

a. T lymphocytes
b. NK cells
c. Macrophages
d. B lymphocytes

Answer 14

a. T lymphocytes

Question 15

Ami believes that stress increases a person’s risk for developing cancer. Which of the following would be the best reply to her?

a.

“

Stress does not create cancer cells.

”

b.

“

Stress related to our emotional responses is related to a cancer diagnosis.

”

c.

“

Stress is related to heart disease, not cancer.

”

d.

“

Persistent stressors are partially related to immune system functioning.

”

Answer 15

a. “Stress does not create cancer cells.”

Question 16

Garland reduced the stress of breaking up with his girlfriend in two ways. He avoided going places where she might be, and he planned sports activities with his friends. Garland’s behavior best illustrates

a. mindfulness meditation.
b. an external locus of control.
c. a Type B personality.
d. emotion-focused coping.

Answer 16

d. emotion-focused coping.

Question 17

In the long run, people who practice resisting the urge to drink too much alcohol or overeat high-fat foods are likely to experience an increase in

a. the feel-good, do-good phenomenon.
b. mindfulness meditation.
c. relative deprivation.
d. self-control.

Answer 17

d. self-control.

Question 18

Although she is a bright young woman, Justine believes that her school grades are low because she is intellectually incompetent. Her conclusion best illustrates

a. problem-focused coping.
b. an internal locus of control.
c. the adaptation-level phenomenon.
d. a pessimistic outlook.

Answer 18

d. a pessimistic outlook.

Question 19

Some studies suggest that aerobic exercise adds to the quantity of life in that people can be expected to live an additional

a. hour for every exercise hour.
b. two hours for every exercise hour.
c. seven hours for every exercise hour.
d. ten hours for every exercise hour.

Answer 19

c. seven hours for every exercise hour.

Question 20

Mindfulness meditation involves attending to our moment-to-moment experiences in a manner that is

a. aimless.
b. humble.
c. nonjudgmental.
d. emotionally arousing.

Answer 20

c. nonjudgmental.