Chapter 13: REVIEW

Question 1

The “particulate” hypothesis is the idea

Answer 1

that parents pass on discrete heritable units (genes)

Question 2

Mendel documented a particulate mechanism

Answer 2

through his experiments with garden peas

Question 3

Inherited characters are determined by particular factors

Answer 3

genes

Question 4

factors occur in pairs

Answer 4

genes occur on maternal & paternal homologous chromosomes

Question 5

When gametes form

Answer 5

these genes segregate so that only one of the homologous pair is contained in a particular gamete

Question 6

Fertilization

Answer 6

• (sperm + egg)

- union of gametes

Question 7

zygote

Answer 7

• Fertilized egg

- has 1 set of chr from each parent

Question 8

Zygote produces

Answer 8

somatic cells by mitosis & develops into an adult

Question 9

At sexual maturity

Answer 9

ovaries & testes produce haploid (n) gametes

Question 10

Gametes

Answer 10

• meiosis only

- 1 set of chromosomes in each gamete

Question 11

Only diploid cells (2n)

Answer 11

can undergo meiosis

Question 12

Sex chromosomes

Answer 12

are called X and Y

Question 13

Human females

Answer 13

XX

Question 14

Human males

Answer 14

XY

Question 15

autosomes

Answer 15

22 pairs of chromosomes

Question 16

Each pair of homologous chromosomes

Answer 16

is 1 from each parent

Question 17

46 chromosomes in a human somatic cell

Answer 17

2 sets of 23:

1 from mom & 1 from dad

Question 18

diploid cell (2n)

Answer 18

2 sets of chromosomes