Chapter 13 - Alkenes

Question 1

Unsaturated hydrocarbon

Answer 1

Has a C=C double bond

Question 2

Pi bond

Answer 2

Formed by the sideways overlap of the two p-orbitals, one from each carbon of the double bond

Question 3

Stereoisomers

Answer 3

Have the same structural formula but a different arrangement of the atoms in space

Question 4

E/Z isomerism

Answer 4

Occurs due to rotation around the C=C being restricted due to the Pi bond

Question 5

Cis-trans isomerism

Answer 5

The name used to describe a special case of E/Z isomerism

Question 6

Addition reaction (of alkenes)

Answer 6

A reaction in which a reaction is added to an unsaturated molecule to make one saturated molecule

Question 7

Hydrogenation

Answer 7

When the alkene is mixed with hydrogen and passed over a nickel catalyst at 423K to form an alkane

Question 8

Halogenation

Answer 8

Alkenes undergo a rapid addition reaction with the halogens, chlorine or bromine at room temperature to form a haloalkane

Question 9

Addition reactions with hydrogen halides

Answer 9

Alkenes react with gaseous hydrogen halides at room temperature to form haloalkanes

Question 10

Hydrogen reactions with alkenes

Answer 10

Alcohols are formed when alkenes react with steam in the presence of an phosphoric acid catalyst

Question 11

Electrophile

Answer 11

An atom or group of atoms that is attracted to an electron rich centre and accepts an electron pair

Question 12

Polymers

Answer 12

Extremely large molecules formed from many thousands of repeat units of smaller molecules known as monomers