Chapter 11 - Introduction to Organic Chemistry Flashcards
Hydrocarbon
A compound that contains hydrogen and carbon only
Homologus series
A family of compounds with similar chemical properties whose successive members differ by the addition of a CH2 group
Functional group
The part of the organic molecule that is largely responsible for the molecules chemical properties
Aliphatic
Carbon atoms are joined to each other in unbranched or branched chains or non-aromatic rings
Alicyclic
Carbon atoms are joined to each other in a ring (cyclic) structures. Not aromatic
Aromatic
Some or all of the carbon atoms are found in a benzene ring
Homolytic fission
The breaking of a covalent bond with one of the bonded electrons going to each atom, forming free radicals
Free radicals
Highly reactive species with an unpaired electron
Heterolytic fission
The breaking of a covalent bond with both of the bonded electrons going to one atom, forming a cation and an anion
Curley arrows
Show the movement of electron pairs when bonds are broken or made
Addition reaction
Two reactants join together to form one product
Substitution reaction
An atom or group of atoms is replaced by a different atom or group of atoms
Elimination reaction
Involves the removal of a small molecule from a larger one, forming two products
