chapter 13

Question 1

social cognitive approaches to personality

Answer 1

emphasize influence of person’s internal and external things (thoughts , feelings, and observation of others behavior) both determine personality

Question 2

child’s intense sexual inetrest in his or her opposite sex parent

Answer 2

oedipal conflict

Question 3

repression

Answer 3

defense mechanism

- ego pushes unacceptable or unpelasant thoughts and impulses out of consciousness but stays in unconscious

Question 4

asking ppl questions baout their own behavior and traits

Answer 4

self - report measures

Question 5

freud 5 psychosexual stages

Answer 5

oral
anal
phallic
latency
genital

OAPLG

Question 6

humanistic approaches to personality

Answer 6

emphasize ppl innate goodness adn desire to achieve higher levels of functioning

Question 7

collective unconscious

Answer 7

• jung
• inherited set of ideas, feelings, images, symbols shared w all humans bc of our common ancestral past. contains archetypes

Question 8

genital stage

Answer 8

• puberty until death

- mature sexual behavior

Question 9

3 groups of traits

Answer 9

according to allport

- cardinal, central, secondary

Question 10

assume that personality is primarily unconscious and motivated by inner forces and conflicts about which ppl have little awareness

Answer 10

psychodynamic approaches to personality

Question 11

conflicts or concerns that persist beyond the developmental period in which they first occur

Answer 11

fixations

Question 12

test in which a person is shown an ambigous stimulus and asked to describe it or tell a story about it
- rorseschach test

Answer 12

projective personality test

Question 13

archetypes

Answer 13

• jung

- universal symbolic represenattions of particular types of people, objects, ideas, expereicnes

Question 14

trait theory

Answer 14

model of personality that seeks to identify the basic traits necessary to describe personality

Question 15

traits that affect behavior in fewer situations and are less influential
ex. reluctance to eat meat

Answer 15

secondary traits

Question 16

single charactersitic that directs most of a person’s activities

Answer 16

cardinal traits

Question 17

anal stage

Answer 17

12 - 18 months - 3 years of age

- child’s pleasure is centered on anus

Question 18

phallic stage

Answer 18

age 3

- child pleasure focus on genitals

Question 19

big 5 personality traits

OCEAN

Answer 19

• openness to experience
• conscientiousness
• extraversion
• agreeableness
• neuroticism

Question 20

biological and evolutionary approaches to personality

Answer 20

important components of personality are inherited

Question 21

latency period

Answer 21

• age 5 and 6

- child sexual concerns are temporarily put aside

Question 22

freud’s superego

Answer 22

part of personality that harshly judges the morality of our behavior. includes conscience, makes behavior less selfish.

Question 23

freud’s ID

Answer 23

unorganized part of personality. purpose to reduce tension created by primitive drives related to hunger, sex, aggression. immediately reduce tension

Question 24

skinner behaviorist approach to personality

Answer 24

• personality is a collection of learned behavior patterns

Question 25

oral stage

Answer 25

• birth to age 12/18 months

- center of pelasure is in mouth

Question 26

an individual’s major characteristics

- such as honesty and sociability

Answer 26

central traits

Question 27

freud’s ego

Answer 27

part of personality, attempts to balance desires of id and realities of objective outside world

• makes decisions, allows higher thinking
• negotiate demands of superego and demands of id