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health sci 2700 > chapter 13 & 14 & 15 > Flashcards

chapter 13 & 14 & 15 Flashcards

1
Q

according to the lecture, men who have sex early are likely to have…

A

families who condone sexual activity, live in low SES neighbourhoods, more likely to use alcohol, low parental involvement, abused/neglected in childhood

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2
Q

according to the lecture, women who have sex early are like to have…

A

experienced earlier menarche (first menstruation), low interest in school, dated at an early age, have history of sexual abuse

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3
Q

what is a major contributor to sexual activity in adolescence? why is this questionable…

A

alcohol… consent???

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4
Q

how many major brain spurts are there? when is the first?

A

there are 2 brain spurts. the first is between 13-15 when the cerebral cortex becomes thicker and neuronal pathways become more efficient

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5
Q

what is the invincibility complex? when is this?

A

during adolescence. belief that bad things will not happen to them. they seek more sensation which leads to recklessness

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6
Q

during hospitalization, teens experience…?

A

loss of control, anxiety, powerlessness, and loss of independence

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7
Q

at what cognitive stage are adolescents at? describe the stage

A

formal operational stage: learn to think logically about abstract concepts

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8
Q

what is systematic problem solving?

A

ability to search methodically for problem’s answer

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9
Q

what is hypothetico-deductive reasoning?

A

ability to derive conclusions from hypothetical premises

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10
Q

what is naive idealism?

A

mental construct of an ideal world as compared to the real world

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11
Q

what two characteristics separate adolescents from younger children?

A

the tendency to exaggerate others’ reactions to one’s own behaviour. tendency to base decisions on
unrealistic ideas about the future

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12
Q

differentiate between task and ability goals

A

task is based on personal standards and competence. ability is based on competition and relativeness – beating someone

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13
Q

according to freud and erikson, what stages are adolescents at?

A

genital stage: psychosexual maturity. identity vs role confusion: attaining a sense of who they are.

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14
Q

according to erikson, what is an identity crisis?

A

psychological state of emotional turmoil that arises when a sense of self becomes ‘unglued’ so that a new, more mature sense of self can be achieved

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15
Q

what are the factors that act on one’s self esteem?

A

personal characteristics, relationships, lifestyle factors, and achievements

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16
Q

how many stages are in kohlberg’s moral developmental theory?

A

6!

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17
Q

describe the category of stages in kohlberg’s moral developmental theory

A

preconventional reasoning: judgments are based on sources of authority. conventional reasoning: judgments are based on rules or norms of a group to which the individual belongs. postconventional reasoning: judgments are based on emergence of a
personal authority

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18
Q

describe the stages of kohlberg’s moral developmental theory

A

Stage 1- punishment and obedience orientation.

Stage 2- individualism, instrumental purpose, and exchange.

Stage 3- mutual interpersonal expectations, relationships, and interpersonal conformity.

Stage 4- social system and conscience.

Stage 5- social contract orientation.

Stage 6- the universal ethics principles orientation.

19
Q

at what stage of kohlberg’s moral developmental theory are children usually in?

A

1/2

20
Q

at what stage of kohlberg’s moral developmental theory are adolescents usually in?

A

2/3

21
Q

out of parents and peers, teenagers wellbeing /happiness is more strongly correlated with quality of attachment to

A

parents

22
Q

when do teenagers become aware of attraction to either same sex or opposite sex?

A

11-12 years

23
Q

when is the 2nd major brain spurt?

A

at around 17. frontal lobes of the cerebral cortex (area that controls logic and planning) are developing

24
Q

compared to earlier growth in the womb, describe the growth of adolescents

A

cephalocaudal/proximodistal patterns are reversed; hands and feet grow first and the trunk is usually the slowest part to grow

25
Q

between males and females, sti infection rates are higher in…?

A

females

26
Q

what is the 2nd leading cause of death in adolescents?

A

suicide

27
Q

what are 3 factors that contribute to suicide?

A

opportunity, stressful event, altered mental state

28
Q

what anti-depressant was often used in teens until it was linked to suicide ideation and hostile aggression

A

SSRIs/SNRIs

29
Q

what is the leading cause of death for first nations/inuit/metis children?

A

suicide

30
Q

in regards to academic, which gender performs better in reading? math? science?

A

reading: girls. math: boys. science: no difference

31
Q

those who leave school early are more likely to have?

A

history of academic failure, pattern of aggressive behaviour, poor decisions about risky behaviour

32
Q

how many full time canadian students are employed?

A

1/2

33
Q

how many working hours a week is considered detrimental to grades and increase stress?

A

15-20

34
Q

what is moratorium?

A

identity status of a person who is in a crisis but who has made no commitment

35
Q

what is foreclosure?

A

the identity status of a person who has made a commitment without having gone through a crisis (accepted parentally or culturally defined commitment)

36
Q

what is identity diffusion?

A

the identity status of a
person who is not in the midst of a crisis and who has made no commitment

37
Q

why do theorists not approve of kohlberg’s theory?

A

too narrow of a theory, doesn’t fit non-western cultures, focuses too much on justice, omits the importance of empathy
overlooks the importance of caring, reasoning changes depending on the
situation

38
Q

what is adolescent dating violence? (ADV)

A

it is an adverse childhood experience and is considered a form of intimate partner violence

39
Q

how many canadian
youth experience dating
violence?

A

1/3

40
Q

what makes up adolescent dating violence?

A

humiliation, physical abuse, sexual abuse, domination, possessiveness, threats, etc

41
Q

what are some consequences of adolescent dating violence?

A

depression/anxiety, risky behaviour, antisocial behaviour, low self-esteem, eating disorders, suicide/death, low academic performance

42
Q

name some of the rights children in norway hospitals have

A

right to have parent there. both parents if severe. parents have right to free food and parking. parents get sick leave. children have right to school and activities

43
Q

what impacts does hospitalization have on children

A

developmental issues, fear of losing control of body and pain, difficulty coping being away from home

44
Q

what is cognitive empathy?

A

aka theory of mind. ability to consider other’s perspective

health sci 2700 (6 decks)

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