chapter 13

Question 1

According to Erikson, children in middle childhood are in the _____ stage of psychosocial development?

Answer 1

industry vs. inferiority.

Question 2

what area within psychology studies a child’s understanding of the relationship between self & others?

Answer 2

social cognition

Question 3

marital conflict:

a. is less damaging to children than parental divorce
b. is more damaging for parents
c. affects boys more than girls
d. causes psychological distress in children & adolescents

Answer 3

d. causes psychological distress in children & adolescents.

Question 4

what may shield a child from some of the negative effects of divorce?

a. each of these
b. child sees self in control of their life
c. parents cooperate w/ child-rearing strategies.
d. if father keeps up w/ child support

Answer 4

a. each of these

Question 5

the middle childhood years are marked by:

a. increasing importance of social relationships
b. development of new skills
c. expansion of self-understanding
d. each

Answer 5

d. each

Question 6

what happens to self-esteem throughout middle childhood?

Answer 6

declines

Question 7

The psychological adjustment of children with lesbian/gay parents is:

a. more positive than adjustment of children w/ heterosexual parents
b. less than children w/ heterosexual parents
c. equal
d. no research to help answer this question

Answer 7

c. equal

Question 8

According to Freud, in the middle childhood period, sexual feelings:

a. are punished
b. express themselves through the Oedipus complex
c. resurface.
d. remain repressed.

Answer 8

d. remain repressed.

Question 9

why might young children blame themselves for the divorce of their parents?

Answer 9

decline in parenting after the divorce.

Question 10

children w/ working mothers:

a. tend to be more flexible in their gender roles
b. have more negative views of their fathers because of the lack of a “breadwinner” role
c. are more dependent than children whose mothers stay at home
d. view their mothers as less competent

Answer 10

a. tend to be more flexible in their gender roles

Question 11

During the ages 6-12, the child’s social world

Answer 11

expands

Question 12

The gradual transfer of control from parent to child is known as:

Answer 12

coregulation

Question 13

peer rejection:

a. creates short-term consequences, but no long-term effects.
b. is associated w/ problematic emotional adjustment later in life.
c. is associated w/ increased independence later in life
d. more problematic for boys than girls.

Answer 13

b. associated w/ problematic emotional adjustment later in life.

Question 14

cognitive-behavioral approaches to treating conduct disorder:

a. teach children better social skills
b. all of these
c. teach children better problem-solving skills
d. focus on training parents to target & reward positive behaviors.

Answer 14

b. all

Question 15

which of the following is true about how children in middle childhood regulate their behavior?

a. modeling ceases to be an effective method for prompting change.
b. there is increasing importance placed upon reward & punishment
c. children increasingly regulate their own behavior
d. boys are much better able to regulate their behavior than girls

Answer 15

c. children increasingly regulate their own behavior