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History - Medieval > Chapter 13 > Flashcards

Chapter 13 Flashcards

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1
Q

sufi content covered from

A

-Rohan medeival notes -> P.No 46

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2
Q

PYQ themes

A

1)sikh

  • which guru appointed whom as military leader
  • who became guru after whom ex Arjun Dev became the Sikh Guru after Guru Ram
  • imp contri -> ex.arjun dev gave own script i.e.gurumukhi

2) Sufi
- practices of sufi saints ex.meditation,breath control,reciting holy songs

  • saint & contemporary sultan ex.saint nimbarka &akbar
    ex. tukaram & contemporary
  • important personalities & their influencers ex.kabir & ahmad sirhindi

3) Bhakti
- proponents of bhakti cult
- chronology of all saints

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3
Q

proponents of bhakti cult

A

-kabir (15th century)
-Ravidas (15th&16th century)
-Guru Nanak (1469–1539)
-Chaitanya (1485–1533)
-Namadeva(1270-1350)
-Ramananda (1400-1470)
-Mirabai (1498-1546)
-Sur Das (14th&15th century)
Tuka Ram(1608-1650)

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4
Q

name of all sikh gurus with who appointed them

A
  1. Guru nanak -> went to jaggnath puri,stayed at mangu math (in news,partly destroyed by odisha govern. in 2019)
  2. Guru Angad -> gave gurumukhi lipi
  3. Guru Amar Das
  4. Guru Ram Das
  5. Guru Arjan -> gave harminder sahib
  6. Guru Hargobind
  7. Guru Har Rai
  8. Guru Har Krishan
  9. Guru Tegh Bahadur -> killed by aurangzeb -> also visited jaggnath puri
  10. Guru Gobind Singh
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5
Q

Bhakti as a religious concept means

A

devotional surrender to a supreme god for attaining salvation

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6
Q

every big personality/saint & contemporary sultan

A
  • Ramananda -> Ravidas & kabir were his students
  • Surdas -> Contemporary to akbar
  • Tukaram ->contemporary of Maratha Shivaji and saints like Eknath and Ramdas.
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7
Q

chronology of all saints

A
  1. -Namadeva(1270-1350)
  2. Sur Das (14th&15th century)
  3. Ramananda (1400-1470)
  4. kabir (15th century)
  5. Ravidas (15th&16th century)
  6. Guru Nanak (1469–1539) -> contemporary of kabir,met kabir
  7. Chaitanya (1485–1533)
  8. Mirabai (1498-1546)
  9. Tuka Ram(1608-1650)
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8
Q

language used by particular saint

A
  1. -Namadeva(1270-1350) : Marathi and Hindi.
  2. Sur Das (14th&15th century) : hindi

3.Ramananda (1400-1470) : first
to preach his doctrine of devotion in Hindi, the

4.kabir (15th century) -> hindi,avadhi,braj,
bhojpuri (googled thing)

  1. Ravidas (15th&16th century)
  2. Guru Nanak (1469–1539)
  3. Chaitanya (1485–1533)
  4. Mirabai (1498-1546)
  5. Tuka Ram(1608-1650) : marathi
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9
Q

profession of particular saint

A

1.-Namadeva(1270-1350) ->son of
a tailor

  1. Sur Das (14th&15th century) : was part of akbar’s court
  2. Ramananda (1400-1470) : education in Hindu religious philosophy -> was preacher
  3. kabir (15th century) : probably a weaver.
  4. Ravidas (15th&16th century) :family of tanners-> making leather from animal skins
  5. Guru Nanak (1469–1539)
  6. Chaitanya (1485–1533)
  7. Mirabai (1498-1546) : rajput housewife
  8. Tuka Ram(1608-1650) : trader
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10
Q

hymns of the Vaishnava saints, Azhwars, are compiled as ?

A

Nalayira Divya Prabandham

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11
Q

meaning of

  1. parivrajaka
  2. sramana
  3. Upasaka
A
  1. wandering ascetic
  2. “one who labours, toils, or exerts themselves or “seeker, one who performs acts of austerity, ascetic”.
    • Lay follower of Buddhism
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12
Q

meaning of

  1. parivrajaka
  2. sramana
  3. Upasaka
A
  1. wandering ascetic
  2. “one who labours, toils, or exerts themselves or “seeker, one who performs acts of austerity, ascetic”.
    • Lay follower of Buddhism
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13
Q

Which central idea of Buddhism and Jainism, was adopted by Saivites and Vaishnavites?

A

idea of renunciation -> renunciation = abandonment of pursuit of material comforts, in the interests of achieving spiritual enlightenment

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14
Q

who expounded the philosophy known as Vishistadvaita, or qualified monism? what is advaita?

A

Ramanujar

-advaita mhnje ishwar ani manus he donhi ekatra yeu shaktat i.e. tya doghanmadhe dvait nahiye

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15
Q

who expounded the philosophy known as Vishistadvaita, or qualified monism? what is advaita?

A

Ramanujar

-advaita mhnje ishwar ani manus he donhi ekatra yeu shaktat i.e. tya doghanmadhe dvait nahiye

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16
Q

in which particular centuries bhakti movement flourished in south & north india

A

south - 7th

north-15th

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17
Q

practices followed by sufi saints for worship?

A
  • ascetic exercises, contemplation, renunciation and self-denial
  • sufi represents mystical dimension of islam -> it considers humanity at large
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18
Q

Sufism crystallized into various ‘Silsilahs’ or orders. The most popular Sufi orders were ?

A

Chistis, Suhrawardis, Qadiriyahs and Naqshbandis.

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19
Q

how sufis imagined their relation with god?

A
  • Sufis regarded God as the supreme beauty and believed that one must admire it, take delight in His thought and concentrate his attention on Him only.
  • God is ‘Mashuq’ (beloved) and Sufis are the ‘Ashiqs’ (lovers).
20
Q

how sufis imagined their relation with god?

A
  • Sufis regarded God as the supreme beauty and believed that one must admire it, take delight in His thought and concentrate his attention on Him only.
  • God is ‘Mashuq’ (beloved) and Sufis are the ‘Ashiqs’ (lovers).
21
Q

features of bhakti movement?

A

-monotheism
-beleived in freedom from the cycle
of life and death i.e. salvation
–gurus can act as guides

22
Q

features of bhakti movement?

A

-monotheism
-beleived in freedom from the cycle
of life and death i.e. salvation
–gurus can act as guides
-universal brotherhood
-criticized idol worship
-singing of hymns was imp
-denounced caste system
-condemned ritualism, pilgrimages & fasts.
-did not consider any language sacred -> poems in language of commons.

23
Q

features of bhakti movement?

A

-monotheism
-beleived in freedom from the cycle
of life and death i.e. salvation
–gurus can act as guides
-universal brotherhood
-criticized idol worship
-singing of hymns was imp
-denounced caste system
-condemned ritualism, pilgrimages & fasts.
-did not consider any language sacred -> poems in language of commons.

24
Q

who was teacher of kabir?important part of kabir’s teaching?

A

-kabir supposed to have 2 teachers 1)Hindu ->Ramananda 2) muslim -> Shaikh Taqi.

  • give up on polytheism
  • ridiculed show off of money & possessions
  • hated rituals
25
Q

Area of influence of ravidas’s teaching?
why ravidas’s poem are imp?
who is his teacher?

A

1) regions of Punjab, Rajasthan, Maharashtra and Madhya Pradesh
2) his poem included in guru granth sahib
3) his teacher ramananda

26
Q

who founded sikh religion?sikhism focused on what?

A
  • guru nanak dev ji

- it focused on oneness of god & strict adherence to morality.

27
Q

What is granth sahib?what is adi granth?

A

-Guru Govind Singh was the last guru. After him the Granth Sahib was considered the guru -> incorporates teachings of its other gurus, incorporates the writings of many Bhakti poets and Sufi saints such as Ramananda, Namadeva, Kabir and Sheikh Farid.

-the teachings of Guru Nank is the
Adi Granth.

28
Q

what was location of chaitanya?what was his concern?

A
  • bengal
  • it was to exalt the superiority of Krishna over all other deities. It was, in other words, a revivalist, not a syncretic movement
29
Q

Namdeva’s teachings were formed in? why are they important?

A
  • ‘Abhangas’

- he travelled to punjab -> his teachings included in guru granth sahib

30
Q

Chaitanya of Bengal belonged to which

philosophical school?

A

Madhavacharya a chief advocate of Dvaita school of vedhanta

31
Q

what was ramananda’s philosophical thought?
which deities his doctrine loved?
his imp students?

A
  • of Ramanuja’s philosophical thought
  • preached vaishnavism
  • loved ram & sita
  • ravidas,kabir
32
Q

mirabai belonged to which region?worshipped whom?

A
  • belonged to rajsthan

- worshipped krishna

33
Q 
Sur das was in court of which sultan?
what was he known as?
who was his guru?
subject of his poem?
His popular works are ?
A
  • Akbar
  • blind bard of Agra
  • Vallabhacharya -> preached vaishnaivism -> founder of Pushtimarga (way of grace)
  • Lord krishna
  • Sur Sagar, Sur Saravali and Sahitya Lahari
34
Q

what is subject of sur sagar?

A

Lord Krishna from the birth to the departure for Mathura.

35
Q

where was tukaram born?

A

near poona

36
Q

bhakti movement provided way of salvation to whom?

A

women & members of lower strata

37
Q

summary

A

-protest and resistance of Jains and
Buddhists to the authority of Orthodox Vedic religion by making religion accessible to all, without caste or gender bias

-persecution of Jains and Buddhists by
Saivites with royal patronage -> conflict started with pallava period

-transformation of Vedic religion while
conflicting with Jainism and Buddhism -> mhnje vedic religion ne pan swatala change kela

38
Q

who is founder of chishti order?it’s division in further 3 types?

PS:Order aka silsila

A
  • Muinuddin chishti
    1) Jamaluddin -> popular in jalandhar region
    2) Nizamuddin auliya -> contemporary to Alaudding khalji,ghiyasudding tughlaq & mohammad bin tughlaq
    3) Alauddin sabir -> follower abdul qudus -> contemporary to ibrahim lodhi & babar
39
Q

because of which chishti saint rice bowl & wheat bowl came in existence?

A

Chishti saint shaikh fariduddin -> in punjab,haryana region.

one of his follower went to bengal -> repeated same process using bengal & it became wheat bowl.

40
Q

who was founder of Suhrawardiyya order of sufi? was contemporary to whom?

A

Bahauddin Zakariyya

  • contemporary to iltumish
  • believed in power & money -> popular in gujrat
41
Q

Firdausia order/silsila developed in which region?which famous bhakti saint is considered to belong to this order?

A

popular in jaunpur/bihar region

-kabir

42
Q

which famous prince followed Qadiriyya order?

A

Dara shikoh,brother of aurangzeb

43
Q

Shattariyya order popular in which region?

A
  • popular in bihar/jaunpur region
  • take tantrism in account
  • gave parallel to om -> rab
44
Q

Which saint of naqshbandi order came to india?during whose reign?what is their philosophy

PYQ:Kabir & ahmad sirhindi

A
  • kwhaja baki billa came to india -> during akbar’s reign
  • billa had follower -> sheikh ahmad sirhindi
  • philo : Wahadat-ul-sudud ->meaning only islam(orthodox)
45
Q

what were 3 major types of sufi literature?what is their content?

A
  • Tazhkhira i.e. anthology : mystical
  • malfuzat : philosophical conversations,dialogues
  • premakhyan : romantic -> written in local languages

History - Medieval (8 decks)

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