Chap 10 Flashcards
Themes
- Incharge of various systems of admin. ex:Amil
- Important systems/institutions/offices ex:iqta system,office of mir bakshi
- Who invaded during reign of whom? ex:chengez khan invaded when
- reasons of sultan’s death
- Meaning of certain terms ex:fawazil
- related to issuing currency
- last ruler of dynasty
- Built what? ex:Diwan-i-bandgani
- 1-2 biggest activities of each king ex:built biggest canal n/w of India
Give timeline of 5 components of Sultanate (1206–1526) -> slave,khalji,tughlaq,sayyid.Lodi
(a) Slave Dynasty (1206-1290)
(b) Khalji Dynasty (1290-1320)
(c) Tughlaq Dynasty (1320-1414)
(d) Sayyid Dynasty (1414- 1451)
(e) Lodi Dynasty (1451-1526).
important sources on sultanate by Al beruni & Amir khusrau?
1)Al-Beruni: Tarikh-Al-Hind (Indian
Philosophy and Religion written in Arabic)
2)Mifta Ul Futuh (Victories
of Jalal-ud-din Khalji); Khazain Ul Futuh
(Victories of Allauddin Khalji - Texts in
Persian)
important sources on sultanate by Al beruni & Amir khusrau?
1)Al-Beruni: Tarikh-Al-Hind (Indian
Philosophy and Religion written in Arabic)
2)Mifta Ul Futuh (Victories
of Jalal-ud-din Khalji); Khazain Ul Futuh
(Victories of Allauddin Khalji - Texts in
Persian)
Arab conquest of sind by whom?
The Arab governor of Iraq, Hajjaj Bin Yusuf -> sent son-in-law -> muhammad bin qasim.
who was Sabuktagin?
Arab empire in Central Asia collapsed -> many component empires formed -> one of these samanid empire -> sabuktagin used to serve samanid-> seized city of Ghazni -> estd Ghaznavid dynasty kingdom.
who did seventeen military campaigns into India &
targeted Hindu temples?why?
Mahmud ,elder son of sabuktagin
- he temple nashta karun apan aplya devacha prasar kartoy asa gaznavaid soldiers na vatla -> emotions related to religion.
- Mahmud raided somnath
last king of Ghaznavid dynasty?
Khurav shah by Muizuddin muhammad i.e.Muhammad ghori -> same ghori fought 2 battles of Tarain
Who was Al beruni? came to india with which king?literary works?
- mathematician, philosopher, astronomer, and historian, came to India along with Mahmud of Ghazni.
- wrote Kitab Ul Hind.
- translated the Greek work of Euclid into Sanskrit.
-He transmitted Aryabhata’s magnum opus Aryabattiyam (the thesis that earth’s rotation around its
axis creates day and night) to the West. He was the inter-civilizational connect between India and the rest of the world.
difference b/w ghaznavaid & ghurid invasions
ghaznavaids took a loot & left
ghuris created garissons
2 battles of Tarain were fought b/w whom? what were results?when?
1191 -> b/w prithviraj chauhan & muhammad ghori -> chauhan won
1192 -> same people -> ghori won ->prithviraj initially restored on throne -> later executed.
-Ghori’s general Qutb-uddin Aibak was appointed as his deputy in India
who is jayachandra of kanauj?
jevha sarvanni prithviraj la support kela tevha hyane nahi kela -> defeated by ghuri
how muhammad ghuri died?
returning from war with jayachandra while camping
on the banks of Indus, killed by some unidentified assassins.
temples of Khajuraho temple complex? who built them?
Lakshmana temple, Vishwanatha temple and Kandariya Mahadeva temple was built by the Chandelas of Bundelkhand.
who established slave dynasty?
Qutb-ud-din aibak(1206-10)
meaning of mamluk?
slave dynasaty also known as mamluk dynasty
mamluk means property
reason of qutb-ud-din aibak’s death?
accident while playing chaugan (Horse polo
who assisted qutb-ud-din aibak in destroying Nalanda university of bihar?
Bakhtiyar khalji
who was Iltutmish (1211–1236)?
slave & son-in-law of qutb-ud-din aibak
how iltumish saved india from chengiz khan?
by refusing to support the Khwarizmi Shah Jalaluddin of Central Asia against Chengiz.
which big monument was built in iltumish’s time?
Qutb minar at delhi.
trick? qutb-ud-din aibak was previous ruler -> tyachya memory madhe.
which coins were introduced by Iltumish?
copper & silver tanka.
who was father of raziya sultana ? her giving promotion to whom angered nobels? what was origin of these angry nobels?
- daugther of Iltumish
- promoted Abyssinian slave, Jalal-ud-din Yaqut
- angered turkish nobels.
what is nisba?
was used to indicate regional & social identity of slaves. also indicated their master.
Ex: Mu‘izz al-Din’s slave carried the nisba Mu‘izzi
who was balban before becoming sultan? his approach towards nobels?
- bought as slave named Ulugh Khan -> commander of the Shivalikh territories in the North-West -> became Sultan Ghiyas ud-din Balban (1266-1287)
- dealt with nobels harshly as nobels were destabilizing sultanates.
What balban did to avoid chengiz khan?
- fortifying frontiers
- maintain a good relationship with Hulagu Khan, the Mongol Viceroy of Iran and a grandson of Chengiz Khan -> promised won’t cross sutluj
how balban died?
favorite son died in clash with mongols -> saddened -> fell ill -> died.
who are called Mongols?
region ruled by them in 12th century?
why so succesful?
- Mongolic-speaking nomadic tribes of Central Asia
- most of modern-day Russia, China, Korea, south-east Asia, Persia, India, the Middle East and Eastern Europe under chengiz khan
- fast horses
- brilliant cavalry tactics
- openness to new technologies
how Jalal-ud-din Khalji rose to power?
elder son of balban unfit -> younger son of 3 yrs put on throne -> jalal became regent -> later executed son & became king
how Ala-ud-din Khalji rose to power? his policy towards nobels?
nephew and son-in-law of Jalaluddin Khalji got jalal-uddin killed.
-dismissed many top nobels -> punished opportunistic nobels who used to change sides for benefits -> took away nobels wealth.