Chapter 12-Social psychology and mental health Flashcards
Which three comparisons are there in social comparison theory?
Lateral comparison: Comparison to people who are similar to yourself.
Upward comparison: People who are better off.
Downward comparison: People who are worse off.
What is social comparison orientation?
The extent and frequency in which people compare themselves to others. Women tend to compare themselves more compared to men.
What is the self-discrepancy theory?
Compare themselves internally.
Actual self: Beliefs individuals hold about their present self
Ideal self: Beliefs about their hopes and aspirations
Ought self: Feelings of duty, obligation and responsibility
What is new in the self-discrepancy theory?
The feared self. The self that you are afraid of becoming. Appearance behaviours: Feared self is more influential than the ideal self.
What is reactive depression?
Caused by stressful life events
Which part of the brain is activated during a depression?
The amygdala since its responsible for emotional stimuli. More active in females.
Give one strength and one limitation of the application of attachment theory to the prevention of relationship problems.
…
What are two types of coping with stress there?
Problem-focused coping: Alter the source of stress. Men usually apply this approach and have less depressive symptoms over time.
Emotion-focused coping: Regulate their emotional responses to the stressor. Women use this approach more often and have more depressive symptoms and lowered self-esteem, especially when a stressor is changeable.
What are the two methods that could be used to prevent depression?
Coping theory: Individuals should be trained to use more effective coping strategies when confronted with negative life events.
Attributional model of depression: Learn to interpret events that happen in a less self-defeating way.
What two side elements are there in the avoidant attachment?
Fearful attachment style: Want close relationship but avoid them because of fear of getting hurt.
Dismissing attachment style: Prefer freedom and independence to closeness with others.
What is the social exchange theory?
Individuals form a relationship based on reciprocity (costs and rewards)
What is emotionally focused therapy (EFT)?
Attachment-related problems.
Become aware of emotions experiences during distressing interactions with their partner and learn appropriate methods on how to attribute them. (Might have been caused by rejecting during childhood)
