Chapter 12: Reading and mathematics in developmental psychology Flashcards
cultural tools
any tools that help us to calculate, produce models, make predictions and understand the world more fully, e.g. abacuses, slide rules, calculators, computers
orthography
writing system; it is used to describe any aspect of print/ spelling
alphabetic script
writing system in which written symbols correspond to spoken sounds; generally individual phonemes represent the individual letters of an alphabetic script
morpheme
unit of meaning
syllabary
name given to a language that relies heavily on syllables for meaning
syllable
smallest unit in a word whose pronunciation forms a rhythmic break when spoken
phonological skills
ability to detect and manipulate sounds at the phonetic, syllabic, and intra-syllabic levels; being able to detect the individual sounds in words
intrasyllabic units
units of speech that are smaller than syllables but larger than phonemes; e.g. onset, rime
onset
onset of a syllable is a the consonant/ vowel at the beginning of the syllable
rime
vowel sound of a syllable plus any consonants that follow
rhyme
words rhyme with each other when they share a rime
letter-sound association
where one letter represents one sound/ phoneme
conditional spelling rules
rules which determine that a letter/ group of letters represents one sound in one context and another sound in a different context
pseudo-words
non-existent but pronounceable non-words often used in psychological experiments
morpho-phonemic
description of orthographies in which there are regular relationships between letters/ groups of letters and morphemes as well as sounds
