Chapter 12 Personality and personality disorders

Question 1

antisocial personality disorder (APD)

Answer 1

personality disorder defined by the absence of concern for others’ feelings or social norms and a pervasive pattern of rule breaking

Question 2

avoidant personality disorder

Answer 2

personality disorder defined by aloofness and extreme sensitivity to potential rejection, despite an intense desire for affiliation and affection

Question 3

borderline personality disorder (BPD)

Answer 3

personality disorder defined by impulsiveness and unpredictability, an uncertain self-image, intense and unstable social relationships, and extreme swings of mood

citation for accuracy before use.

Question 4

dependent personality disorder

Answer 4

a personality disorder in which people are overly concerned about maintaining relationships. People with this disorder often allow others to make decisions for them and are reluctant to make demands that could challenge relationships

Question 5

dialectical behaviour therapy (DBT)

Answer 5

a therapeutic approach to borderline personality disorder that combines client-centred empathy and acceptance with behavioural problem solving, social skills training and limit setting

Question 6

histrionic personality disorder

Answer 6

a personality disorder defined by overly dramatic behaviour, emotional excess and sexually provocative behaviour

Question 7

narcissistic personality disorder

Answer 7

personality disorder defined by extreme selfishness and self-centredness; a grandiose view of one’s uniqueness, achievements and talents; an insatiable craving for admiration and approval from others; willingness to exploit others to achieve goals; and expectation of much more from others than one is willing to give in return

Question 8

obsessive-compulsive personality disorder

Answer 8

personality disorder defined by inordinate difficulty making decisions, hyperconcern with details and efficiency, and poor relations with others due to demands that things be done just so, as well as the person’s unduly conventional, serious, formal and stingy emotions

Question 9

paranoid personality disorder

Answer 9

a personality disorder defined by expectation of mistreatment at the hands of others, suspicion, secretiveness, jealousy, argumentativeness, unwillingness to accept blame, and cold and unemotional affect

Question 10

personality disorder

Answer 10

a group of disorders involving longstanding, inflexible and maladaptive personality traits that impair social and occupational functioning

Question 11

personality trait domains

Answer 11

five personality dimensions included in the appendix of DSM-5 to help supplement diagnoses of personality disorders: negative affectivity, detachment, antagonism, disinhibition and psychoticism

Question 12

personality trait facets

Answer 12

twenty-five specific personality dimensions included in the appendix of DSM-5 to provide greater detail on the personality trait domains

Question 13

psychopathy

Answer 13

a personality syndrome related to antisocial personality disorder but defined by an absence of emotion, impulsivity, manipulativeness and irresponsibility

Question 14

schizoid personality disorder

Answer 14

a personality disorder defined by emotional aloofness; indifference to the praise, criticism and feelings of others; maintenance of few, if any, close friendships; and solitary interests

Question 15

schizotypal personality disorder

Answer 15

personality disorder defined by eccentricity, oddities of thought and perception (magical thinking, illusions, depersonalisation, derealisation), digressive speech involving overelaborations and social isolation; under stress, behaviour may appear psychotic