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Bio Midterm > CHAPTER 12 - FINAL TEST - SERIAL HOMICIDE > Flashcards

CHAPTER 12 - FINAL TEST - SERIAL HOMICIDE Flashcards

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1
Q
  1. Which is NOT true of offenders, according to Beauregard and Bouchard’s 2010 study?
    a. They found that offenders under the influence of drugs and/or alcohol displayed less forensic awareness.
    b. Offenders who had target preferences were more likely to take forensic precautions.
    c. Offenders who entered a victim’s residence and engaged in specific sexual acts during the crime were also more likely to exhibit forensic awareness.
    d. Offenders tended to be consistent in their forensic awareness and directed most of their efforts toward removing DNA that tied them to the crime scene.
A

d. Offenders tended to be consistent in their forensic awareness and directed most of their efforts toward removing DNA that tied them to the crime scene.

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2
Q
  1. What did the term “forensics” originally mean?
    a. belong to or used in courts of law
    b. belong to or used in medicine
    c. belong to or used in psychiatry
    d. belong to or used in crime labs
A

a. belong to or used in courts of law

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3
Q
  1. This is often critical to the outcome of criminal cases.
    a. academic research
    b. intangible evidence
    c. physical forensics
    d. hearsay
A

c. physical forensics

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4
Q
  1. Which is NOT true, according to Beauregard and Martineau (2012)?
    a. Often forensic evidence is never sent to crime labs.
    b. There often is not increased evidence of identifying suspects, pressing charges, or securing convictions.
    c. Offenders may be learning from popular media how to decrease their chances of being caught and convicted.
    d. All of the above are true.
A

d. All of the above are true.

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5
Q
  1. For profiling to fulfill its potential, law enforcement must do which of the following?
    a. collaborate with academic and medical professionals
    b. improve media relations
    c. collaborate with profilers from other countries
    d. collaborate more with the FBI
A

a. collaborate with academic and medical professionals

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6
Q
  1. What is part of the serial-killer stereotype?
    a. They are stupid.
    b. They are good-looking.
    c. They are employed.
    d. They are exceptionally intelligent.
A

d. They are exceptionally intelligent.

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7
Q
  1. Which is not one of the four “crime phases” of murderer behavior that investigators use to develop offender profiles and gain insight into their personalities?
    a. antecedent
    b. method and manner
    c. body disposal
    d. pre-offense behavior
A

d. pre-offense behavior

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8
Q
  1. Law enforcement agencies collect data, often using case studies or anecdotal information, which then is transformed into general descriptions of the types of persons most commonly associated with a certain type of criminal activity.
    a. offender profiling
    b. geographic profiling
    c. equivocal death profiling
    d. crime scene profiling
A

a. offender profiling

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9
Q
  1. Who designed the radex model?
    a. Kim Rossmo
    b. Ronald Holmes
    c. David Canter
    d. Richard Kocsis
A

c. David Canter

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10
Q
  1. Which is not one of the three interlinked areas of profiling research that Salfati summarized?
    a. place-specific behavior
    b. individual differentiation
    c. behavioral consistency
    d. inferences about offender characteristics
A

a. place-specific behavior

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11
Q
  1. What did Beauregard and Mieczkowski (2012) note in their study of 201 sex offenders?
    a. being a stranger to the perpetrator increases the risk of harm
    b. being known to the perpetrator increases the risk of harm
    c. the victim/offender relationship does not affect harm
    d. Offenders only harm women.
A

a. being a stranger to the perpetrator increases the risk of harm

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12
Q
  1. Also referred to as criminal investigation analysis, this form of profiling is based upon the FBI model developed by their Behavioral Science Unit. Psychosocial data are compared to other similar cases and investigators engage in an experiential/informational guessing technique to reconstruct the offenders’ personality.
    a. offender profiling
    b. geographic profiling
    c. equivocal death profiling
    d. crime scene profiling
A

d. crime scene profiling

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13
Q
  1. Today we know that violent criminal activity can be very complicated and well thought out in which area?
    a. fantasy
    b. planning
    b. execution
    d. all of the above
A

d. all of the above

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14
Q
  1. A serious problem with the dichotomous model of organized and disorganized crime scenes is _____.
    a. that it is used primarily by the FBI and not other law enforcement agencies
    b. interagency co-operation
    c. that it applies only to crime scenes involving violence
    d. the lack of rigorous reliability and validity testing
A

d. the lack of rigorous reliability and validity testing

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15
Q
  1. This profiling tool is used to prioritize a variety of homicides and other serious crimes. Also known as criminal personality assessment, it is applied to other forms of profiling. Profilers match the personality characteristics of a certain type of offender with those of a suspect.
    a. offender profiling
    b. geographic profiling
    c. equivocal death profiling
    d. psychological profiling
A

d. psychological profiling

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16
Q
  1. Such profiling is empirically based and has not placed much value on motivation or personality. It does help law enforcement in deciding where to begin knocking on doors and setting up stakeouts.
    a. offender profiling
    b. geographic profiling
    c. equivocal death profiling
    d. crime scene profiling
A

b. geographic profiling

17
Q
  1. A geographic profile does not include this.
    a. distance
    b. time
    c. mental maps
    d. mobility
A

b. time

18
Q
  1. According to Rossmo, which offender style prefers to travel away from home to hunt victims?
    a. hunter
    b. poacher
    c. troller
    d. trapper
A

b. poacher

19
Q
  1. This theory suggests that crime occurs when an opportunity arises within the normal areas an offender travels, such as to and from work, recreation, school, and community activities.
    a. rational choice
    b. routine activity theory
    c. crime pattern
    d. life-course
A

b. routine activity theory

20
Q
  1. This theory suggests that offenders are more likely to act on their first opportunity in relation to their buffer zone.
    a. routine activity
    b. rational choice
    c. crime pattern
    d. strain
A

b. rational choice

21
Q
  1. Serial predators prefer to operate within comfort zones and experience _____ as they leave that comfort zone.
    a. deep depression
    b. excitement
    c. a distance decay function
    d. discomfort
A

c. a distance decay function

22
Q
  1. This research suggests that crimes are more likely to occur closer to an offender’s domicile and that the farther away he/she travels from home base the fewer crimes they will commit.
    a. traveling crime
    b. road crime
    c. vacation crime
    d. journey-to-crime
A

d. journey-to-crime

23
Q
  1. What was the real problem facing profilers in attempting to effectively profile the D.C. Snipers?
    a. the variety of rifles used in the killings
    b. their mobility
    c. their race and the number of offenders
    d. ineffective eye witnesses
A

c. their race and the number of offenders

24
Q
  1. Keppel examined the solvability factors involved in serial murder investigations. Which of the following is NOT one of those factors?
    a. quality of court procedures during the preliminary hearing
    b. quality of police interviews with eyewitnesses
    c. quality of scientific analysis of the physical evidence
    d. quality of investigations at the crime scene
A

a. quality of court procedures during the preliminary hearing

25
Q
  1. The following are types of forensic evidence inspection and analysis performed in crime labs except _____.
    a. mental health diagnosis
    b. glass and soil fragments
    c. hair, fibers, and paint analysis
    d. arson analysis including flammable residues and explosives.
A

a. mental health diagnosis

26
Q
  1. Which of the following is a false statement regarding the Body Farm in Tennessee?
    a. There are currently five such facilities operating in the United States.
    b. Bodies are observed decomposing under controlled conditions.
    c. Remains are often skeletonized and added to the research collection.
    d. Approximately 40-50 bodies of inmates who died in prison are donated yearly.
A

d. Approximately 40-50 bodies of inmates who died in prison are donated yearly.

27
Q
  1. This process occurs when digestive enzymes eat from the body, causing the tissue to liquefy.
    a. putrefaction
    b. homeostasis
    c. retrogestation
    d. rigor mortis
A

a. putrefaction

28
Q
  1. This research effort aims to scientifically standardize the definition of legal terms such as “heinous,” “atrocious,” “evil,” and “depraved.”
    a. the Body Farm
    b. the Hare Checklist
    c. the Thesaurus of Evil
    d. the Depravity Standard
A

d. the Depravity Standard

29
Q
  1. In the matter of serial killers, it seems that people are overwhelmingly in favor of _____.
    a. execution
    b. long term mental health therapy
    c. long term prison sentences
    d. life without possibility of parole
A

a. execution

30
Q
  1. According to Hickey, which of the following is the best response to reducing the number of serial murders?
    a. reduce violence in the home
    b. reduce the number of appeals filed by serial offenders
    c. provide appropriate therapy for traumatized children
    d. hire more law enforcement to investigate serial murder
A

a. reduce violence in the home

31
Q
  1. Media impact, management of departmental resources, and unusual complexity of any given case are rare problems associated with serial murder cases.
A

FALSE

32
Q
  1. Victims, even in death, are often storybooks about the offender and the circumstances of the crime.
A

TRUE

33
Q
  1. Race and ethnicity are often associated with specific types of violent crimes.
A

TRUE

34
Q
  1. Equivocal death profiling is also referred to as psychological autopsy.
A

TRUE

35
Q
  1. The Body Farm is an academic research facility at the University of West Georgia that studies the decomposition of the human body for forensic purposes.
A

FALSE

Bio Midterm (20 decks)

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