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CIS 1200 > Chapter 12 - Business Networking and Security > Flashcards

Chapter 12 - Business Networking and Security Flashcards

1
Q

Access card reader

A

A device that reads information from a magnetic strip on the back of a credit card-like access card

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2
Q

Access method

A

A method to control which computer is allowed to use transmission media at a certain time

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3
Q

Active topology

A

In a network, a type of topology where the nodes participate in moving data through the network

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4
Q

Application server

A

A server that acts as a repository for application software

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5
Q

Authentication

A

The process of identifying a computer user, based on a login or username and password. The computer system determines whether the computer user is authorized and what level of access is to be granted on the network

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6
Q

Authentication server

A

A server that keeps track of who is logging on to the network and which services on the network are available to each user

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7
Q

Bastion host

A

A heavily secured server located on a special perimeter network between the company’s secure internal network and its firewall

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8
Q

Biometric authentication device

A

A device that uses some unique characteristic of human biology to identify authorized users

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9
Q

Bridge

A

A device that is used to send data between different collision domains in a network, depending on where the recipient device is located

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10
Q

Brute force attack

A

An attempt to access an account by repeatedly trying different passwords

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11
Q

Bus topology

A

A system of networking connections in which all devices are connected in sequence on a single cable

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12
Q

Centralized

A

A characteristic of client/server networks where the server, not the individual user, coordinates data security

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13
Q

Client/server network

A

A type of network that uses servers to deliver services to computers that are requesting them (clients)

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14
Q

Cloud server

A

A server that is maintained by a hosting company and that is connected to networks via the Internet

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15
Q

Coaxial cable

A

A single copper wire surrounded by layers of plastic insulation, metal sheathing, and a plastic jacket, used mainly in cable television and cable Internet service

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16
Q

Communications server

A

A server that handles all communications between the network and other networks, including managing Internet connectivity

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17
Q

CSMA/CD

A

The method used on Ethernet networks to avoid data collisions, short for carrier sense multiple access with collision detection
- node connected to the network uses carrier sense to verify that no other nodes are currently transmitting data signals

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18
Q

Data collision

A

When two computers send data at the same time and the sets of data collide somewhere in the connection media

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19
Q

Database server

A

A server that provides client computers with access to information stored in databases

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20
Q

Decentralized

A

A characteristic of peer-to-peer networks where the individual user coordinates data security

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21
Q

Dedicated server

A

A server used to fulfill one specific function, such as handling email

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22
Q

Device driver

A

Software that facilitates the communication between a device and its operating system or between a network adapter and a server’s operating system and the operating system of the computer in which the adapter is installed

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23
Q

Electronic data interchange (EDI)

A

The exchange of large amounts of data in a standardized electronic format

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24
Q

E-mail server

A

A server whose sole function is to process and deliver incoming and outgoing email

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25
Q

Extranet

A

An area of an intranet that only certain corporations or individuals can access; the owner of the extranet decides who will be permitted to access it

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26
Q

Fibre-Optic cable

A

A cable that transmits data at close to the speed of light along glass or plastic fibres

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27
Q

File server

A

A server that stores and manages files for network users or that acts as a storehouse for files that users can download

28
Q

Frame

A

Groups of data packets that are sent together in a package

29
Q

Honey pot

A

A computer system that is set up to attract unauthorized users by appearing to be a key part of a network or system that contains something of great value

30
Q

Hybrid topology

A

Combining multiple topologies into one network

31
Q

Information assurance

A

Ensuring that information systems contain accurate information and are adequately secured against tampering

32
Q

Intranet

A

A private network set up by a business or an organization that is used exclusively by a select group of employees, customers, suppliers, volunteers or supporters

33
Q

Jam signal

A

A special signal sent to network nodes alerting them that a data collision has occurred

34
Q

Local area network (LAN)

A

A network in which the nodes are located within a small geographic area

35
Q

Media access control (MAC) address

A

The physical address, similar to a serial number, of each network adapter

36
Q

Network adapter

A

A device that enables the computer to communicate with the network using a common data communication language or protocol

37
Q

Network administrator

A

Person who maintains networks for businesses

38
Q

Network operating system

A

Software that handles requests for information, Internet access and the use of peripherals for the rest of the network node, providing the services necessary for the computers on the network to communicate

39
Q

Network topology

A

The physical or logical arrangement of computers, transmission media, and other network components

40
Q

Open Systems Interconnection (OSI)

A

A networking protocol established by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) that provides guidelines for modern networks

41
Q

Packet screening

A

Having an external screening router examine incoming data packets to ensure they originated from or are authorized by valid users on the internal network

42
Q

Passive topology

A

In a network, a type of topology where the nodes do nothing to move data along the network

43
Q

Possessed object

A

Any object that users carry to identify themselves and that grants them access to a computer system or facility

44
Q

Print queue

A

A software holding area for print jobs (aka print spooler)

45
Q

Print server

A

A server that manages all client-requested printing jobs for all printers on a network

46
Q

Protocol

A

A set of rules for exchanging communications

47
Q

Proxy server

A

A server that acts as a go-between, connecting computers on the internal network with those on the external network

48
Q

Ring topology

A

A type of network topology where computers and peripherals are laid out in a configuration resembling a circle

49
Q

Router

A

A device that routes packets of data between two or more networks

50
Q

Scalability

A

A characteristic of client/server networks where more users can be easily added without affecting the performance of other network nodes

51
Q

Shielded twisted-pair cable

A

Twisted-pair cable that contains a layer of foil shielded to reduced interference

52
Q

Star topology

A

The most widely deployed client/server network topology where the nodes connect to a central communications device called a switch in a pattern resembling a star

53
Q

Switch

A

A device for transmitting data on a network

- makes decisions, based on the MAC address of the data, as to where data is to be sent

54
Q

Terminator

A

A device that absorbs a signal so that it is not reflected back onto parts of the network that have already received it

55
Q

Token

A

A special data packet used to pass data in a ring topology network

56
Q

Token method

A

The access method used by ring networks to avoid data collisions

57
Q

Transmission media

A

The radio waves or the physical system that transports data on a network

58
Q

Tunneling

A

The main technology for achieving a virtual private network

- placement of data packets inside other data packets

59
Q

Twisted-pair cable

A

Cables made of copper wires that are twisted around each other and are surrounded by a plastic jack
- such as traditional home phone wire

60
Q

Virtual private network (VPN)

A

A network that uses the public Internet communications infrastructure to build a secure, private network among various locations

61
Q

Virtualization

A

Using specialized software to make individual physical servers behave as though they are more than one physical device

62
Q

Web server

A

A computer running a specialized operating system that enables it to host web pages and to provide requested web pages to clients

63
Q

Wide area network (WAN)

A

A network made up of local area networks connected over long distances

64
Q

Wireless access point (WAP)

A

Gives wireless devices a sending and receiving connection point to the network

65
Q

Wireless network interface card (NIC)

A

A special network adapter card that allows a computing device to connect to a network using wireless access

CIS 1200 (13 decks)

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