Chapter 12 Flashcards
applied research
to use knowledge for the improvement of the human situation
basic research
research to develop and refine new knowledge
behavioroid measure
when dependent measures go beyond self-report to elicit people’s willingness to make commitments concerning future behavior
capitalizing on chance
the possibility of some results being significant by chance alone
confederate
an accomplice of the experimenter posing as a participant
confound
when levels of the independent variable vary directly w/some other factors
control
the minimization of extraneous influences on the experiment made possible by the lab’s isolation from external influences
cover story
interpretation provided to participants about “what is going on” often misleading or deceptive
demand characteristics
participants attempt to pick up subtle cues in the researcher’s behavior, the task, or setting to use as guidance for their behavior
expectancy control group design
“balanced placebo design” // expectancies are manipulated along with the major independent variable in a factorial design
experimental realism
the extent to which the manipulations or measures are truly perceived in the intended ways by the research participants (tldr construct validity)
experimenter expectancies
expectancies concerning people’s typical response can actually influence participants’ responses
funnel questioning
asking general questions first and then narrowing down by stages
impact studies
where the manipulation in some sense actually happens to the participants (i.e. participants confronted with an emergency)
internal analysis
the manipulation check responses are not used as a a basis of dropping participants but become a new independent variable
judgment studies
where the participants are “more like passive observers; they are asked to recognize, recall, classify, or evaluate stimulus materials”
mundane realism
the degree of resemblance between the lab operational definitions and some target objects or events outside the lab
observational studies
research that use the laboratory mainly for its convenience in arranging a controlled observation
particularistic research
the specification of a particular concrete setting, population, and time period to which the results are intended to apply // little replication
performance measure
depend on tasks that participants are instructed to perform
pilot testing
individuals taken from the same population as eventual participants are led through procedures and periodically asked what they think the hypothesis of the study is
replication
a finding that can be reproduced across a variety of settings, populations, and specific operational definitions of the theoretical constructs –> external validity
universalistic research
intended to investigate theoretically predicted associations between abstractly specified constructs (i.e. porn + sex crimes)
