Chapter 12 Flashcards
The most common bacterial STI in Canada and is transferred between partners from contact. It poses a high risk to newborns resulting in conjunctivitis and pneumonia.
chlamydia
diseases that are mainly spread between people through sexual activity
sexually transmitted infections
Which province or territory has the most STI transmition ?
Nunavut
An STI that has few or no symptoms, but symptoms can occur as urethritis, cervicitis, and proctitis
chlamydia
what does urethritis, cervicitis, proctitis, and epididymitis have in common?
all types of inflammation caused by chlamydia
Who to diagnose chlamydia?
one lab test on urine, urethra, vagina, cervix, throat, or rectum and a second lab test three months later after a positive one.
How do you treat chlamydia?
through antibiotics
a bacteria that lives in mucous membranes and is transmitted through sexual contact. It can’t live outside the human body and often has no symptoms.
Gonorrhea
What increases the likelyhood of contracting HIV?
having another STI
an eye infection caused by mother infected by Gonorrhoea in the birth canal.
gonococcal conjuctivitis
What art the symptoms of gonorrhea?
discomfort or pain when urinating, swollen lymph nodes, pain or bleeding during intercourse, blood or pus in feces.
how to treat gonorrhea?
antibiotics
what is one of the main challenges with treating gonorrhea?
increasing drug resistance
a complication in women who have been infected with gonorrhea or chlamydia due to the bacteria entering oviducts, ovaries and the pelvic cavity which causes long-term fertility issues.
Pelvic inflammatory disease
What increases risk for PID?
women under 25, having multiple sex partners, inconsistent use of condoms, medical history, douching, intrauterine devices, and smoking.
Abdominal pain, fever, chills, nausea, and vomiting that becomes more intense at the start of a menstrual period are all symptoms for what?
PID
A method of examine internal organs using a light through an abdominal incision
laparoscopy
How is PID diagnosed?
based on symptoms, physical, ultrasound, lab tests and laparscopy
How is PID treated?
antibiotics
A disease caused by bacteria that is acquired through sexual contact, but can be transferred to fetuses. The pathogen passes through any break or opening in skin or mucous membranes.
syphilis
when syphilis is pasted from mother to fetus
congenital syphilis
An ulcer that appears where the syphilis bacteria entered the body that is highly contagious and is considered primary syphilis
chancre
a stage of psychosis characterized by a skin rash, fever, swollen lymph nodes, sore throat, headaches, muscle aches and fatigue.
secondary syphilis
Symptoms that appear 10 to 20 years after infection and cause dementia, cardiovascular damage, blindness, and death
late syphilis
Syphilis that invades the nervous system
neurosyphilis
syphilis that affects the eye and can lead to decreased vision or blindness
ocular syphilis
How is syphilis diagnosed?
blood tests
An infection that can cause other disease like warts, genital warts and genital cancers.
Human papilloma virus
how to prevent HPV?
vaccines for certain variants and using condoms
How is HPV diagnosed?
based on the appearance of the lesions, cancer screening.
How is HPV treated?
there is no treatment to eradicate the infection, but warts can be removed by laser, freezing or burning
a type of STI that you cannot get rid of for life that can lead to an infection of HIV, but it can be dormant in a person for years before the person even knows about.
genital herpes
What is the difference between HSV 1 and HSV 2?
people with HSV 1 generally have less outbreaks and they are more likely to be on the mouth
Lesions on the mouth, genitals, inner thighs or anal area are all symptoms of what STI?
Herpes
How is herpes treated?
fluid from lesions can be sent to a lab for a test
A STI that can later become AIDS in it’s advance stages
Human immunodeficiency virus
A STI that is the leading cause of death in Africa and large disparities in treatment
Acquired immune deficiency syndrome
A chronic disease that damages the body’s immune system and takes of the CD4 T cells to make a person vulnerable to other diseases
HIV infection
What are the phases of HIV?
Primary infection: large amount of virus cause infection
Latency phase: asymptomatic, but still harming the immune system
What are the three ways to get HIV?
- specific types of sexual contact
- exposure to infected blood
- contact during child birth
Who is most likely to get HIV?
Male to male sexual contact and female heterosexual contact
Which populations are more likely to get HIV?
Indigenous, Black Canadians, LGBTQ, Prison Inmates
A form of gel, cream, sponge, or suppository that can function as a chemical condom to prevent HIV
microbicides
What reduces risk of HIV transmutation?
consistent condom use, needle exchange programs, preventative medications, monogamous relationships
Inflammation of the liver due to a virus from the blood, semen, saliva, urine, and vaginal secretions
Hepatitis B
Which Hepatitis has vaccines?
HAV and HBV
The cause of abnormal vaginal discharge that is not explicitly caused by sexual activity
Bacterial vaginosis
Parasitic infections of pubic hair
public lice and scabies
How to prevent STIs?
Education, get vaccinated, get tested, monitor for symptoms, inform partners, use prevention strategies
