Chapter 12

Question 1

Arturo believes that most young women from California are extremely good looking and that extremely good-looking women are usually selfish and egotistical. His beliefs are examples of

Answer 1

stereo types

Question 2

In Milgram’s studies of obedience, the majority of the “teachers” who were ordered to shock a “learner”

Answer 2

Complied due to OBIDIENCE to authority

Question 3

In group situations, the loss of self-awareness and self-restraint that fosters arousal and anonymity is called

Answer 3

Deindividualization

Question 4

Having waiter only keep their own tips rather than pooling them can help reduce

Answer 4

Social loafing

Question 5

Rhonda has just learned that her neighbor Patricia was involved in a car accident at a nearby intersection. The tendency to make the fundamental attribution error may lead Rhonda to conclude

Question 6

Sixteen-year-old Jessica is pressured by her friends to drink alcohol. Later she also give in to them and tries heroin. Her experience best illustrates

Answer 6

Foot-in-door technique

Question 7

Which of the following comments is most likely to be made by the leader of a group characterized by groupthink?

Question 8

examines how people affect one another, and it looks at the power of the situation.

Answer 8

Social Psychology

Question 9

When someone tends to fail to recognize when the behavior of another is due to situational variables, and thus to the person’s state.

Answer 9

Fundamental attribution error

Question 10

the phenomenon of attributing other people’s behavior to internal factors (fundamental attribution error) while
attributing our own behavior to situational forces

Answer 10

Actor-Observer bias

Question 11

is the tendency to explain our successes as due to dispositional (internal) characteristics, but to explain our failures as due to situational (external) factors.

Answer 11

Self-serving bias

Question 12

psychological discomfort arising from holding two or more inconsistent attitudes, behaviors, or cognitions

Answer 12

Cognitive dissonance

Question 13

the influence of the group majority on an individual’s judgment.

Answer 13

Asch effect

Question 14

is a negative attitude and feeling toward an individual based solely on
one’s membership in a particular social group

Answer 14

Prejudice

Question 15

is a
phenomenon in which a witness or bystander does not volunteer to help a victim or person in distress

Answer 15

Bystander effect

Question 16

Difference between normative social influence and informational social influence

Answer 16

Normative is trying to fit in and feel good, informational is assuming the group is competent has the correct knowledge

Question 17

the belief that people get the outcomes they deserve

Answer 17

Just world hypothesis

Question 18

group’s
expectation of what is appropriate and acceptable behavior for its members

Answer 18

Social norms

Question 19

is a person’s knowledge about the sequence of events expected in a specific setting

Answer 19

social script