Chapter 1.12 Yersinia, Francisella, Brucella, And Pasteurella Flashcards

1
Q

What are the common characteristics of Yersinia, Francisella, Brucella, and Pastrurella?

A

Gram-negative rods (bacilli)
Zoonotic diseases (primarily diseases of animals)
Very virulent and can penetrate any body area they touch
Are facultative intracellular organisms

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2
Q

Where do Yersinia, Franccisella, Brucella, and Pasteurella migrate to?

A

Regional lymph nodes, bloodstream, liver, spleen, lungs

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3
Q

What is the immune response against facultative intracellular organisms?

A

Cell-mediated and delayed type hypersensitivity reaction

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4
Q

What bacteria is associated with rats?

A

Yersinia PESTis (rats are PESTS)

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5
Q

What is another name for Yersinia pestis?

A

Bubonic plague

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6
Q

What are the virulence factors of Yersinia pestis?

A

Fraction 1, V antigen, W antigen

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7
Q

What type of bacteria is Yersinia pestis?

A

Gram-negative bacterium with bipolar staining pattern

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8
Q

What mammals fall prey to Yersinia pestis?

A

Wild rodents, domestic city rodents, and humans

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9
Q

What does the word “boubon” mean in Greek?

A

“Groin” - relates to bubonic plague because these are the lymph nodes that Yersinia pestis goes to first

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10
Q

What is the morphology of lymph nodes infected with Yersinia pestis?

A

Swell like eggs and become hot, red, and painful

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11
Q

What is the skin morphology of a person infected with Yersinia pestis?

A

Blackish discoloration

*lead to people calling the bubonic plague the “Black Death”

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12
Q

What US locations should be considered for Yersinia pestis?

A

Arizona and New Mexico

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13
Q

What bacteria causes Tularemia?

A

Francisella tularensis

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14
Q

What is tularemia?

A

Resembles bubonic plague and is acquired from handling infected rabbits, tick bites and deerflies

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15
Q

What is the Mneumonic for Francisella tularensis?

A

Francis (Francisella) the rabbit (rabbit vector) is playing in the Tulips (Tularensis)
One ear has a tick and the other has a deer flu

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16
Q

What are the most important diseases caused by Francisella tularensis?

A

Ulcers glandular tularemia and pneumonic disease

17
Q

What is ulceroglandular tularemia?

A

A well-demarcated hole in the skin with a black base from the bite of a rabbit, deer fly, or tick.

18
Q

What are the clinical manifestations of a person with ulceroglandular tularemia?

A

Fever and systemic symptoms

Local lymph nodes become swollen, red and painful

19
Q

What is the main difference in presentation between the bubonic plague and ulceroglandular tularemia?

A

Ulceroglandular tularemia has a skin ulcer where the bubonic plague does not

20
Q

What is pneumonic tularemia?

A

Aerosoliation of bacteria during skinning and evisceration of an infected rabbit

21
Q

What is oculoglanudlar tularemia?

A

Franccisella tularensis that invades the eyes

22
Q

What is typhoidal tularemia?

A

Francisella tularensis that invades the GI tract

23
Q

How are all the names of Brucella divided?

A
Based on the animal they infect
Brucella melitensis (goats)
Brucella abortus (abortions in cows)
Brucella suis (pigs)
Brucella canis (dogs)
24
Q

How do humans acquire Brucella species?

A

Direct contact with infected animal meat or aborted placentas, or ingestion of infected milk products

25
Q

What are the characteristics of Brucella?

A

Penetrates skin, conjunctiva, lungs, or GI tract
Spreads through lymphatics
Facultative intracellular growth
Blood and organ invasion

26
Q

What are the clinical manifestations of Brucella?

A

Systemic with fever, chills, sweats, loss of appetite, bakahe, headache, lymphadenopathy

27
Q

What is undulant fever?

A

Another name for Brucella

This names comes from the slow rise in temperature during the day and decline at night

28
Q

What are the characteristics of Pasteurella multocida?

A

Gram-negative zoonotic that is NOT a facultative intracellular organism
Most frequent wound infection following a cat or dog bite

29
Q

Where does Pastrurella multiocida colonize?

A

Mouths of cats