Chapter 1.12 Yersinia, Francisella, Brucella, And Pasteurella Flashcards
What are the common characteristics of Yersinia, Francisella, Brucella, and Pastrurella?
Gram-negative rods (bacilli)
Zoonotic diseases (primarily diseases of animals)
Very virulent and can penetrate any body area they touch
Are facultative intracellular organisms
Where do Yersinia, Franccisella, Brucella, and Pasteurella migrate to?
Regional lymph nodes, bloodstream, liver, spleen, lungs
What is the immune response against facultative intracellular organisms?
Cell-mediated and delayed type hypersensitivity reaction
What bacteria is associated with rats?
Yersinia PESTis (rats are PESTS)
What is another name for Yersinia pestis?
Bubonic plague
What are the virulence factors of Yersinia pestis?
Fraction 1, V antigen, W antigen
What type of bacteria is Yersinia pestis?
Gram-negative bacterium with bipolar staining pattern
What mammals fall prey to Yersinia pestis?
Wild rodents, domestic city rodents, and humans
What does the word “boubon” mean in Greek?
“Groin” - relates to bubonic plague because these are the lymph nodes that Yersinia pestis goes to first
What is the morphology of lymph nodes infected with Yersinia pestis?
Swell like eggs and become hot, red, and painful
What is the skin morphology of a person infected with Yersinia pestis?
Blackish discoloration
*lead to people calling the bubonic plague the “Black Death”
What US locations should be considered for Yersinia pestis?
Arizona and New Mexico
What bacteria causes Tularemia?
Francisella tularensis
What is tularemia?
Resembles bubonic plague and is acquired from handling infected rabbits, tick bites and deerflies
What is the Mneumonic for Francisella tularensis?
Francis (Francisella) the rabbit (rabbit vector) is playing in the Tulips (Tularensis)
One ear has a tick and the other has a deer flu
What are the most important diseases caused by Francisella tularensis?
Ulcers glandular tularemia and pneumonic disease
What is ulceroglandular tularemia?
A well-demarcated hole in the skin with a black base from the bite of a rabbit, deer fly, or tick.
What are the clinical manifestations of a person with ulceroglandular tularemia?
Fever and systemic symptoms
Local lymph nodes become swollen, red and painful
What is the main difference in presentation between the bubonic plague and ulceroglandular tularemia?
Ulceroglandular tularemia has a skin ulcer where the bubonic plague does not
What is pneumonic tularemia?
Aerosoliation of bacteria during skinning and evisceration of an infected rabbit
What is oculoglanudlar tularemia?
Franccisella tularensis that invades the eyes
What is typhoidal tularemia?
Francisella tularensis that invades the GI tract
How are all the names of Brucella divided?
Based on the animal they infect Brucella melitensis (goats) Brucella abortus (abortions in cows) Brucella suis (pigs) Brucella canis (dogs)
How do humans acquire Brucella species?
Direct contact with infected animal meat or aborted placentas, or ingestion of infected milk products
What are the characteristics of Brucella?
Penetrates skin, conjunctiva, lungs, or GI tract
Spreads through lymphatics
Facultative intracellular growth
Blood and organ invasion
What are the clinical manifestations of Brucella?
Systemic with fever, chills, sweats, loss of appetite, bakahe, headache, lymphadenopathy
What is undulant fever?
Another name for Brucella
This names comes from the slow rise in temperature during the day and decline at night
What are the characteristics of Pasteurella multocida?
Gram-negative zoonotic that is NOT a facultative intracellular organism
Most frequent wound infection following a cat or dog bite
Where does Pastrurella multiocida colonize?
Mouths of cats
