Chapter 11 - The American Revolution Flashcards
What caused the population to grow?
Immigrants from Britain, Ireland and Germany caused the population to grow.
How did the colonies become rich?
The colonies became rich due to the production of crops such as tobacco and cotton.
What is a constitutional monarchy?
A constitutional monarchy is where there is a king but they had to share their power with the parliament.
What was the enlightenment?
The Enlightenment is a time when they began questioning things, especially the ‘divine right of kings’ where they believed a King was chosen by God.
How were they treated unfairly by Westminster?
They had no representation as they weren’t allowed to become members of the parliament and the navigation acts were enforced.
What were the navigation acts?
Americans were only allowed to sell tobacco to Britain at whatever price the British wanted and they had to buy sugar from the West Indies where the British had planted which cost more.
What a was the Stamp Act?
The Stamp Act put a tax on all legal documents and caused difficulty, as it increased the costs of claiming legal title to new lands.
What was the Quartering Act?
The Quartering Act was a fee the colonists had to pay to keep the British Army in North America to protect them from Indian attack.
What did ‘No Taxation Without Representation’ mean?
The colonists were no longer willing to pay money to Britain, while having no real say in how decisions were made.
What were the Townshed Acts?
A series of taxes on everyday items such as tea and glass.
What were the short term causes of the American Revolution?
- The Boston Massacre
- The Boston Tea Party
- The First Continental Congress (militia)
- War starts in Lexington and Concord
- The Second Continental Congress (Washington elected)
Who was Thomas Paine?
Thomas Paine was the author of Common Sense. His article encouraged people to fight against the British.
How many colonies was there at the beginning of the War of Independence?
13, all on the east coast
Who wrote the Declaration of Independence?
Thomas Jefferson
What is guerrilla warfare?
Fighting using ambush tactics.
What did the Americans do at Valley Forge?
Washington used this time to train his army into a stronger, more powerful fighting machine, capable of taking on the British and regularly defeating them, with the help of Prussian officer Fredrick Von Steuben.
Who was Benjamin Franklin?
He was the United States ambassador in Paris who persuaded the French to help America beat the British
When did the War of Independence end?
George Washington beat General Cornwallis in Yorktown, Virginia on October 19th 1781
What are the key events in the American War of Independence?
Saratoga, French Navy and 6000 soldiers, Concord & Lexington, Valley Forge.
What are the consequences of the American War of Independence?
Got independence from Britain, Treaty of Paris, Became a democratic country, Inspired France and Ireland
