Chapter 11 - Team Characteristics and Processes Flashcards
Teams
two + people who work independently over a time period to accomplish a goal
interdependence
extent to which individuals are mutually reliant on one another
- task interdependence: interact on other team members for info, materials and resources to accomplish tasks
- goal interdependence: shared vision of teams goal and align individual goal with that vision
- outcome interdependence: share the rewards earned
team characteristics
task complexity, creative output, problem-solving tasks
tasks complexity: high task complexity, the more people will be needed
creative output: thinking outside the box, being innovative, creative solutions
problem-soling tasks: drawing from different viewpoints/skills/knowledge
team development models
- tuckman’s model: forming, norming, performing, adjourning
- punctuated equilibrium mode: sequence of team development changes based on deadlines/milestones
forming: get to know one another, learn boundaries of team, who is in charge
norming: realize that members need to work tg to accomplish goals
performing: members are comfortable working within their roles and make progress toward gial
adjourning: experience emotions as they separate from team
types of teams
work teams, management, parallel, project, action
work teams
relatively permanent, work tg to produce g/s
management teams
relatively permanent, managerial-level tasks that affect entire organization
parallel teams
various members of an organization, meet to provide reccomendations about important issues
project teams
take on one-time tasks that are complex, require input from individuals from different areas
action teams
limited duration, perform complex tasks
team composition
member roles, member ability, member personality, team diversity, team size
member roles
patterns of behaviour a person is expected to display
team tasks roles (facilitate accomplishment of team tasks)
team building roles (influence team’s social climate)
individual roles (benefit individual at teams expense)
member ability
cognitive and physical abilities needed in a team depend on the nature of team’s task
- disjunctive tasks: performance determined by skills/abilities of top member
- conjunctive tasks: performance determined by skills/abilities of the weakest member
- additive tasks: each member’s inputs sumto determine team performance
member personality
can affect roles of individuals, functionality, and performance of team
- conscientiousness, agreeableness, extraversion
team diversity
members are different from one another (any attribute used to categorize individuals)
- surface-level diversity: observable attributes
- deep-level diversity: attributes learned by others via direct experience with them
team size
complex tasks = bigger team, bigger team = more structure needed
task work processes
creative behaivour, decision making, boundary spanning,
task work processes
creative behaviour
general novel and useful ideas and solution
task work processes
decision making
how consensus is used
task work processes
boundary spanning
involvin others that are not part of the immediate team
team states
cohesion, potency, mental models, transactive memory
cohesion: emotional bond w members
potency: confidence team will be effective in diff situations/tasks
mental modes: shared understanding of key aspects of team/task
transactive memory: specialized knowledge of the team
components of team processes and outomes
process gain
process loss
coordination loss
motivation loss
process gain: team achievement/output > expected sum of individual output
process loss: team achievement/output < expected sum of individual output
coordination loss: resources devoted to managing the team outweigh the team gains
motivation loss: team members change their levels of contribution bc they work in a team
