Chapter 11 - Respiratory Flashcards
Anthracosis
Lung condition caused by inhalation of coal dust and silica; also called black lung.
anthrac (coal), -osis (condition)
Apnea
Temporary cessation of breathing.
a- (lack of), -pnea (breathing)
Asphyxia
Emergency condition in which there is a depletion of oxygen in the blood with an increase of carbon dioxide in the blood and tissue. Artificial ventilation and oxygen should be administered as quickly as possible.
a- (lack of), sphyx (pulse), -ia (condition)
Aspiration
The act of drawing in or out by suction using a device such as a syringe or needle; the process of drawing foreign bodies, such as food, liquid, or other substances, into the nose, throat, or lungs on inspiration.
aspirat (to draw in), -ion (process)
Asthma
Disease of the bronchi characterized by wheezing, dyspnea, and a feeling of constriction in the chest.
Atelectasis
The partial collapse of a segment of alveolus decreasing the surface area available for oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange; condition of imperfect dilation of the lungs; the collapse of an alveolus, a lobule, or a larger lung unit.
atel (imperfect), -ectasis (dilation, expansion)
Bradypnea
Slow breathing.
brady- (slow), -pnea (breathing)
Bronchiectasis
Chronic dilation of a bronchus or bronchi, with a secondary infection that usually involves the lower portion of a lung.
bronchi (bronchus), -ectasis (dilation, expansion)
Croup
Acute respiratory disease (ARD) characterized by obstruction of the larynx, a barking cough, dyspnea, hoarseness, and stridor.
Cyanosis
Abnormal condition of the skin and mucous membrane caused by oxygen deficiency in the blood. The skin, fingernails, and mucous membranes can appear slightly bluish or grayish.
cyan (dark blue), -osis (condition)
Dyspnea
Literally means difficulty in breathing.
dys- (difficult), -pnea (breathing)
Emphysema
Chronic pulmonary disease in which the alveoli becomes distended and the alveolar walls become damaged or destroyed, making it difficult to exhale air from the lungs. It is included in a group of diseases called chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, or COPD. Primary cause in cigarettes.
Empyema
Pus in a body cavity, especially a pleural cavity.
Epistaxis
Nosebleed; usually results from traumatic or spontaneous rupture of blood vessels in the mucous membrane of the nose.
epi- (upon), -staxis (dripping)
Eupnea
Good or normal breathing.
eu- (good, normal), -pnea (breathing)
Expectoration
Process of coughing up and spitting out material (sputum) from the lungs, bronchi, and trachea.
ex- (out), pector(at) (great, chest), -ion (process)
Hemoptysis
Spitting up blood.
hem/o (blood), -ptysis (to spit)
Hypoxia
Condition of deficient amounts of oxygen in body tissues.
hyp- (below, deficient), ox (oxygen), -ia (condition)
Inhalation
Process of breathing in.
in- (in), halat (breathe), -ion (process)
Pertussis
Acute, infectious disease caused by the bacterium Bordetella pertussis; characterized by a peculiar paroxysmal cough ending in a “crowing” or “whooping” sound; also called whooping cough.
Pneumonectomy
Surgical excision of the left or right lung.
pneumon (lung), -ectomy (surgical excision)
Pneumonia
Inflammation of the lung caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi, or chemical irritants.
pneumon (lung, air), -ia (condition)
Pneumonitis
Inflammation of the lung.
pneumon (lung), -itis (inflammation)
Pneumothorax
A pathological condition in which there is a collection of air between the chest wall and lungs, causing the lung to collapse. It may occur spontaneously or after physical trauma to the chest or as a complication of medical treatment.
pneum/o (air), thorax (chest)
