Chapter 10 - Blood & Lymphatic Flashcards
Agglutination
Process of clumping together, as of blood cells that are incompatible
agglutinat (clumping), -ion (process)
Allergy
An individual hypersensitivity to a substance that is usually harmless
all (other), -ergy (work)
Anaphylaxis
Unusual or exaggerated allergic reaction to foreign proteins or other substances.
ana- (up), -phylaxis (protection)
Anemia
Literally a lack of red blood cells, it is a reduction in the number of circulating red blood cells, the amount of hemoglobin, or the volume of packed red cells (hematocrit).
an- (lack of), -emia (blood condition)
Anisocytosis
Condition in which the erythrocytes are unequal in size and shape.
anis/o (unequal), cyt (cell), -osis (condition)
Anticoagulant
Substance that works against the formation of blood clots; a class of medication used in certain patients to prevent blood from clotting.
anti- (against), coagul (clots), -ant (forming)
Antibody
Protein substance produced in the body in response to an invading foreign substance (antigen).
anti- (against), -body (body)
Antigen
Invading foreign substance that induces the formation of antibodies.
anti- (against), -gen (formation, produce)
Autotransfusion
Process of infusing a patient’s own blood.
auto- (self), trans- (across), fus (to pour), -ion (process)
Embolus
Blood clot carried in the bloodstream. A mass of undissolved matter present in a blood or lymphatic vessel and brought there by the blood or lymph current. Emboli can be solid, liquid, or gaseous.
Extravasation
Process by which fluids and/or intravenous (IV) medications can escape from the blood vessel into surrounding tissue.
extra (beyond), vas (vessel), -at(e) (action), -ion (process)
Hematocrit
Blood test that separates solids from plasma in the blood by centrifuging the blood sample.
Hemat/o (blood), -crit (to separate)
Hemochromatosis
Genetic disease condition in which iron is not metabolized properly and accumulates in body tissues. The skin has a bronze hue, the liver becomes enraged, and diabetes and cardiac failure can occur.
hem/o (blood), chromat (color), -osis (condition)
Hemoglobin
Blood protein; the iron-containing pigment of red blood cells that carries oxygen from the lungs to the tissues.
hem/o (blood), -globin (globe, protein)
Hemolysis
Destruction of red blood cells
hem/o (blood), -lysis (destruction)
Hemophilia
Hereditary blood disease characterized by prolonged coagulation and tendency to bleed.
hem/o (blood), -philia (attraction)
Hemorrhage
Literally means bursting forth of blood; bleeding.
hem/o (blood), -rrhage (bursting forth)
Hemostasis
Control or stopping of bleeding.
hem/o (blood), -stasis (control, stop, stand still)
Hypoglycemia
Condition of deficient amounts of sugar in the blood; low blood sugar.
hypo- (deficient), glyc (sweet, sugar), -emia (blood condition)
Hypoxia
Deficient amount of oxygen in the blood, cells, and tissues; also known as anoxia and hypoxemia.
hyp- (deficient), -oxia (oxygen)
Leukemia
Disease of the blood characterized by overproduction of leukocytes. Common types include chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL).
leuk (white), -emia (blood condition)
Lymphadenitis
Inflammation of the lymph glands.
lymph (lymph), aden (gland), -itis (inflammation)
Lymphangiitis
Inflammation of lymphatic vessels.
lymph (lymph), ang (vessel), -itis (inflammation)
Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR)
Blood test to determine the rate at which red blood cells settle in a long, narrow tube.
Lymphedema
Abnormal accumulation of lymph in the interstitial spaces.
lymph (lymph), -edema (swelling)
Lymphoma
Lymphoid neoplasm, usually malignant.
lymph (lymph), -oma (tumor, mass, fluid collection)
Phagocytosis
Engulfing and eating of particulate substances such as bacteria, protozoa, cells and cell debris, dust particles, and colloids by phagocytes (leukocytes or macrophages).
phag/o (eat, engulf), cut (cell), -osis (condition)
Polycythemia
Increased number of red blood cells.
poly- (many), cyt (cell), hem (blood), -ia (condition)
Red Blood Count (RBC)
Test preformed on whole blood to determine the number of erythrocytes present. Increased and/or decreased amounts can indicate certain disease conditions.
Septicemia
Pathological condition in which bacteria are present in the blood.
septic (putrefying), -emia (blood condition)
Sideropenia
Lack of iron in the blood.
sider/o (iron), -penia (lack of)
Splenomegaly
Abnormal enlargement of the spleen.
spleen/o (spleen), -megaly (enlargement)
Thalassemia
Hereditary anemia occurring in populations bordering the Mediterranean Sea and in Southeast Asia.
thalass (sea), -emia (blood condition)
Thrombin
Blood enzyme that converts fibrinogen into fibrin.
thromb (clot), -in (chemical)
Thrombus
Blood clot
ABO
Blood groups
CBC
Complete blood count
ELISA
Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
PCP
Pneumocystis pneumonia
Platelet
A small colorless disk-shaped cell fragment without a nucleus, found in large numbers in blood and involved in clotting.
