Chapter 11: Nervous Tissue Cells

Question 1

neuron cell body

Answer 1

(also known as soma) performs the typical functions of any cell

Question 2

Nissle bodies

Answer 2

extensive rough endoplasmic reticulum within the neuons

Question 3

dendrites

Answer 3

the extensions of the neuron cell body that receive information from other neurons.

Question 4

dendritic spines

Answer 4

where axons of other neurons form connections with dendrites

Question 5

what are the parts of the axon?

Answer 5

axon hillock (cone-shaped area)

initial segment (beginning of the axon)

trigger zone (where action potentials are generated)

axoplasm (the cytoplasm of the axon)

axolemma (the plasma membrane of the axon)

Question 6

sensory neurons

Answer 6

conduct action potentials toward the CNS

Question 7

motor neurons

Answer 7

conduct action potentials away from the CNS toward muscles or glands

Question 8

interneurons

Answer 8

conduct action potentials within the CNS from one neuron to another

Question 9

multipolar neurons

Answer 9

account for most of the neurons in the body. They have many dendrites but a single acon.

Question 10

bipolar neurons

Answer 10

have two processes: one dendrite and one acon. The dendrite is specialized to receive the stimulus (retina of the eye)

Question 11

pseudo-unipolar neurons

Answer 11

start as bipolar, but the two processes that extend from the cell body fuse into a single process.

Question 12

What are the four types of glial cells in the central nervous system?

Answer 12

astocytes

ependymal cells

microglia

oligodendrocytes

Question 13

astrocytes

Answer 13

star shaped

regulates what substances reaches the CNS from the blood

produces chemicals that tighten the blood-brain barrier

regualates extracellular brain fluid composition

Question 14

ependymal cells

Answer 14

they line ventricles and spinal cord central canal.

Question 15

chyroid plexuses

Answer 15

specialized ependymal cells that secrete cerebrospinal fluid

Question 16

microglia

Answer 16

macrophages that have been slightly altered for the nervous system to respond to inflammation

Question 17

oligodendrocytes

Answer 17

form myelin sheaths if surrounding an axon.

Question 18

what are the two types of glial cells in the peripheral nervous system?

Answer 18

schwann cells

satellite cells

Question 19

schwann cells (neurolemmocyte)

Answer 19

wrap around one portion of axon to form a myelin sheath.

Question 20

satellite cell

Answer 20

surround neuron cell bodies and provides nutrients and support.

Question 21

myelinated axons

Answer 21

Schwann cells in the PNS or oligodendrocyte extensions in the CNS repeatedly wrap around a segment of an axon to form a series of tightly wrapped membranes rich in phospholipids.

non continuous covering

helps axons conduct electrical signals faster

Question 22

nodes of Ranvier

Answer 22

gaps in the myelin sheaths

Question 23

unmyelinated axons

Answer 23

these axons rest in invaginations of the Schwann cells or oligodendrocytes. Gray matter.

Axons transmit electrical signals slower.