Chapter 11 Movtivating Employees

Question 1

Intrinsic Reward

Answer 1

The good feeling you have when you have done a job well

Question 2

Extrinsic Reward

Answer 2

Something given to you by someone else as recognition for good work; includes pay increase, praise and promotions

Question 3

Scientific Management

Answer 3

Studying workers to find the most efficient ways of doing things and teaching people those things

Question 4

Time-Motion Studies

Answer 4

Begun by Fredrick Taylor

In which tasks must be performed to complete a job in the time needed to do each task

Question 5

Principle of motion Economy

Answer 5

Theory developed by Frank and Lillian Gilbreth that every job can be broken down into a series of elementary motions

Question 6

Hawthorne Effect

Answer 6

The tendency of people to behave differently when they know they are being studied

Question 7

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

Answer 7

Theory of motivation that places different types of human needs in order of importance, from basic psychological needs to safety, social and esteem needs to self-actualization needs

Question 8

Motivators

Answer 8

In Herzbergs theory of motivation factors, job factors that cause employees to be productive and that give them satisfaction

Question 9

Hygiene Factors

Answer 9

In Herzberg’s theory of motivation factors, job factors that can cause dissatisfaction if missing but that do not necessarily motivate employees if increased

Question 10

Job Enrichment

Answer 10

A motivational strategy that emphasizes motivating the worker through the job itself

Question 11

Job Enlargement

Answer 11

Strategy that extends the work cycle by adding related tasks to the job description

Question 12

Job Rotation

Answer 12

Strategy that involves moving employees from one job to another

Question 13

Theory X

Answer 13

Employees dislike work and avoid it, prefer to be controlled and directed, seek security not responsibility, must be intimidated by managers to perform, are motivated by financial rewards

Question 14

Theory Y

Answer 14

Employees view work as a natural part of life, prefer limited control and direction, seek responsibility under proper work conditions, work better in work environments that are non-intimidating, motivated by many different needs

Question 15

Goal-setting Theory

Answer 15

Setting ambitious but attainable goals can motivate workers an improve performance if the goals are accepted, accompanied by feedback, and facilitated by organizational conditions

Question 16

Management by Objections

Answer 16

Goal setting and implementation that involves a cycle of discussion, review and evaluation of objectives among top and middle level managers, supervisors and employees

Question 17

Expectancy Theory

Answer 17

Victor Vroom’s theory that the amount of effort employees exert on a specific task depends on their expectations of the outcomes

Question 18

Reinforcement Theory

Answer 18

Theory that positive and negative reinforcers motivate a person to behave in certain ways

Question 19

Equity Theory

Answer 19

idea that employees try to maintain equity between inputs and outputs compared to others in similar positions

Question 20

Motivation

Answer 20

A persons internal drive to act.

A challanging skill for a manager is the ability to induce motivation