Chapter 11: Irish Revolution Flashcards
Who could vote in elections?
Wealthy people
Why were presbyterians not happy?
They where not allowed to be in the parliament and were forced to pay tithe to the church of Ireland even though they had nothing to do with them
Where did the idea of a revolution come from?
The french revolution
Who set up the society of the united irishmen and when?
In 1791 three people set it up
- Wolfe Tone
- Henry Joy McCraken
- Thomas Russell
What let to violence in the 1790s?
Ireland population was growing and there was not enough land for everyone and this led to violence between both Protestant Presbyterian and the Catholics
What secret society did the Irish set up and what did the protestants set up in retaliation?
The defender, the orange order
What caused more people to join the united irishmen?
The orange order attacked hundreds of catholics in ulster
What were Wolfe Tones aims and how did they change after the united irishmen was banned?
At first he just wanted to unite the country and regardless of religion or wealth, form a fairer goverment but then he wanted for Ireland to have full independence from Britain and become a republic like France
What did Wolfe Tone need for the revolution?
- violence would have to be used (a rebellion)
- they would need support from other countries (france)
What did the french do for Ireland?
They agreed to help and General Hoche sent 43 ships and 14000 soldiers to Ireland
Why was the french invasion a disaster?
- Hoche was the leader of the fleet and he was seperated from the rest of the fleet
- a storm hit Bantry in Co. Cork and the French were unable to land
What did you have to do in order to become a member of the parliament in the eighteenth century?
- be a member of the Church of Ireland (protestant)
- own land and be wealthy
What did the british do after the attempted french invasion?
- anyone in the United Irishmen that took their oath was to be excecuted without trial
- suspects thought to be members of the united irishmen would be flogged
- pitch capping was used
What was pitch capping?
A piece of cloth was filled with tar and put on the heads on the suspects and set alight
Why did the republicans plan a rebellion?
Because of the brutal methods used on the united irishmen at the hands of the british
How many people did they think they could gather for the 1798 rebellion?
100000
Who led the rising in antrim?
Henry Joy McCraken
Who led the rising in down?
Henry Monroe
How led the rebellion in Leinster?
Lord Edward Fitzgerald
Where was the only significant success in the 1798 rebellion?
In wexford. The republicans rebelled against the local militia who were loyal to the king of england
Why did the republicans rebel against the local militia in Wexford?
They were usually methods such as pitchcapping on the united irishmen
Where was the main rebel camp, who were the rebels led by and how did it all go down in wexford?
The main rebel camp was based on Vinegar Hill and they were led by a priest called Fr John Murphy. The rebels were eventually defeated in June 1798
What were the effects of the 1798 rebellion in small terms?
The british excecuted 36 prisoners without trial and 200 protestants were murdered in Scullabogue. When word reached the presbyterians up north they no longer trusted catholics
What were the results of the 1798 rebellion?
- the act of union 1801: the british no longer trusted the irish and they dissolved the Grattans Parliament and the Irish were ruled directly from westminister parliament
- sectarianism: the murders in wexford led to distrust among the protestant communities. The orange order promoted distrust of catholics and this had a huge effect on 20th century
What did the act of union 1801 mean?
It meant Ireland was now a part of great britain
