Chapter 11: Introduction to Foot and Ankle Flashcards
The foot and ankle complex can be broken down into three main regions:
Rearfoot
Midfoot
Forefoot
What are the joints of the rearfoot?
Talocrural Joint
Subtalar Joint
Pes Planus:
Pes Cavus
Pes Planus: is characterized by a flattened medial arch during weight bearing
Pes Cavus- is characterized by a high medial arch during weight bearing
Extrinsic muscles:
Intrinsic muscles:
Extrinsic: originate in the lower leg and insert in the foot via tendons
Instrinsic: the stabilizers and the extrinsic muscles being more the mobilizers.
both originate and insert in the foot.
Key Extrinsic Muscles of the Foot and Ankle Complex
Invertors: (3)
Evertors: (3)
Invertors: Anterior tibialis, Posterior tibialis, Soleus
Evertors: Fibularis (peroneus) brevis, Fibularis (peroneus) longus, Gastrocnemius
What part of the foot is associated with sagittal plane dorsiflexion and plantar flexion?
Talocrural joint
Which of the following best describes flat feet with knee valgus?
Pes Planus Distortion Syndrome
Weaknesses in which muscle may allow over-pronation deviations in subtalar joint motion during gait?
Gluteus Medius
What hip muscle is best to activate when valgus and overpronation are observed?
Gluteus Maximus
Which best describes a role of the plantar fascia during movement?
Transferring the potential energy from ground reaction forces
Which is a reason for a high-arched or over-supinated foot to have restricted ankle dorsiflexion?
Structurally short Achilles tendon
Which group of muscles in the feet are considered stabilizers?
Instrinsic Muscles
