chapter 11 imfs and states of matter Flashcards
4 types of imfs
ion dipole
dipole dipole
h boiindig
dispersions
ion dipole
occurs between an ion and polar molecule. STRONGESTS OF THE IMFS
dipole dipole
occur between molecules with a permanent dipole moment
hydrogen bonding
is the strongest form of dipole dipole
occurs when H is bonded to N O or F. and can force to one of them too
what specifically do the bonds in a hydrogen bond happen to?
takes place specifically with the bonds and their electrons
h donor
the molecule that brings the hydrogen
h acceptor
the molecule that imfs to the hydrogent
imfs are _____ lived bonds
short
penny water and isopropol alcohol imf example
the water on a penny will form a bubble because of the strong imfs the alcohol will definately not
London dispersion forces
occur between non polar and non polar molecules
every molecule has a form of
dispersions
boiling point
the higher the imfs the higher the boiling point
the vapor pressure
the lower the imfs the higher the vapor pressure
what affects the strength of dispersion forces
- distance between molecules
2size of a molecule - shape of a molecule
size trend with IMFs
as the size increases so do the electrons and consequently so does the polerizability
thus as size increases so does the dispersion forces
shape trend with IMFs
the longer the chain of molecules is, the higher the dispersion forces are.
distance trend with IMFs
as the distance increases between molecules. the strength drops exponentially
heat of fusion
the change in enthalpy associated with melting and freezing
heat of vaporization
the heat of vaporization associated with vaporization or condensation
heat of sublimation
the heat associated with sublimation or deposition
how to calculate the energy required for a change in temp
q = mcat
how to calculate the energy required for a change of state
q = Number moles)(delta H for that specific phase
how to read a heating curve
temp vs energy added
each increase in temp with an increase in energy is due to the changing of the temperature of a substance
each flat line on temp is due to the changing of phases
Arrange the following in order of increasing boiling point: CH4, CH3CH3, CH3CH2Cl, CH3CH2OH.
CH4 has the smallest boiling point because it consists of only dispersion forces. It it followed by a longer chain hydrocarbon CH3CH3 which has more points of contact. From here CH3CH2Cl follows and is an example of a molecule with dispersion forces and dipole forces. It is only exceeded by CH3CH2OH because it includes all of the following and Hydrogen bonding.
