Chapter 11 haircutting vocab Flashcards
angle
the space between two lines or surfaces that intersect at a given point
beveling
haircutting technique using diagonal lines by cutting hair ends with a slight increase or decrease in length
blunt haircut
aka one-length haircut; all the hair comes to one hanging level, forming a weight line or area; hair is cut with no elevation or overdirection
carving
technique done by placing the still blade into the hair, resting it on the scalp, and then moving the shears through the hair while opening and partially closing the shears
cast shears
shears made by pouring molten steel into a mold
clipper-over-comb
technique similar to shear-over-comb, except that the clippers move side to side across the comb rather than bottom to top
cross-checking
parting the haircut in the opposite way from which you cut it in order to check for precision of the line and shape
cutting line
aka finger angle; angle at which the fingers are held when cutting, and, uimately, the line that is cut
diagonal back
type of diagonal line that creates movement away from the face
diagonal forward
type of diagonal line that creates movement toward the face
distribution
where and how hair is moved over the head
effilating
aka slithering; process of thinning the hair to graduated lengths with shears; cutting the hair with a sliding movement of the shears while keeping the blades partially open
elevation
aka projection or lifting; the degree at which a subsection of hair is help, or lifted, from the head when cutting
fade
fade line blended from short to long with clippers or shears-over-comb technique
finger angle
aka cutting line; angle at which the fingers are held when cutting the line that creates the end shape; can be horizontal, vertical, or diagonal
forged shears
made via a process of working metal to a finished shape by hammering or pressing; more durable than casted shears
free-hand notching
technique in which pieces of hair are snipped out at random intervals
free-hand slicing
technique used to release weight from the subsection, allowing the hair to move more freely
graduated haircut
slow or immediate buildup of weight; an effect or haircut that results from cutting the hair with tension, low to medium elevation, or overdirection
graduation
elevation that occurs when a section is lifted above 0 degrees
growth pattern
direction in which the hair grows from the scalp; aka natural fall or natural falling position
guideline
aka guide; section of hair, located either at the perimeter or the interior of the cut, that determines the length the hair will be cut; usually the first section that is cut to create a shape
hairline
hair that grows at the outermost perimeter along the face, around the ears, and on the neck
horseshoe section
separates the head at the parietal ridge to below the crown, enhances control when layering or graduating hair
interior guideline
inner or internal line of a haircut
layered haircut
cutting hair with elevation or overdirection; hair is cut at higher elevations, usually 90 degrees or above; removes weight
layers
create movement and volume in hair by releasing weight
line
thin, continuous mark used as a guide can be straight or curved, horizontal, vertical, or diagonal
long-layered haircut
hair is cut at a 90-degree elevation, then overdirected to maintain length and weight at perimeter
notching
technique; version of point cutting, tips of shears are moved toward hair ends rather than into them; creates chunkier effect
overdirection
combing section away from its natural falling position toward a guideline; used to increase lengths in interior or perimeter
palm-to-palm
cutting position in which palms of both hands are facing each other
part
line dividing the hair at scalp, separating one section of hair from another, creating subsections
perimeter guideline
outer line of a haircut
pivoting section
aka pie-shaped; rotates from a central point; used for layering and graduating
point cutting
technique in which the tips of shears are used to cut points into the ends of the hair
profile sections
center forehead to center nape; divides head in to two sections (right and left profile); facilitates subsectioning
radial section
section that is take from ear to ear and divides the head from front to back, starting behind the apex in the crow
razor-over-comb
texturizing technique in which the comb and the razor are used on the surface of the hair
razor rotation
texturizing technique similar to razor-over-comb; done with small circular motions
section
to divide the hair by parting into uniform working areas for control; during haircutting, the working areas of the hair; working in smaller sections gives better control
shear-over-comb
aka scissor-over-comb; haircutting technique in which the hair is held in place with the comb while the tips of the shears are used to remove length
shrinkage
when hair contracts or lifts through the action of moisture loss or drying
slicing
technique that removes weight and adds movement through the lengths of the hair; the shears are not completely closed, and only the portion of the blades near the pivot is used
slide cutting
method of cutting or layering the hair in which the fingers and shears glide along the edge of the hair to remove length
stationary guideline
guideline that does not move
subsections
smaller sections within a larger section of hair, used to maintain control of the hair while cutting
taper
haircutting effect in which there is an even blend from very short at the hairline to longer lengths as you move up the head; to taper is to narrow progressively at one end
tension
amount of pressure applied when combing and holding a section, created by stretching or pulling the section
texturizing
technique designed to remove excess bulk without shortening the length; changing the appearance or behavior of the hair through specific techniques using shears, thinning shears, or a razor
traveling guideline
aka movable guideline; guideline that moves as the haircutting progresses; often used when creating layers or graduation
uniform layers
hair is elevated to 90 degrees from the scalp and cut at the same length
weight line
visual line in the haircut where the ends of the hair hang together
