Chapter 11 - DEVELOPMENT OF CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM Flashcards

1
Q

Immature neurons which become the structural and functional cells of the central nervous system

A

Neuroblast

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2
Q

Develop into the connective tissue of the CNS called neuroglia.

A

Spongioblast

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3
Q

prosencephalon, mesencephalon, rhombencephalon

A

Primary brain vesicles

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4
Q

telencephalon, diencephalon, mesencephalon, metencephalon,
myelencephalon

A

Secondary Brain Vesicles

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5
Q

Ventral cranial flexure which occurs in the midbrain

A

Cephalic flexure

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6
Q

A gradual ventral bend between the hindbrain and the spinal cord

A

Cervical flexure

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7
Q

A slight dorsal bending in the rhombencephalon.
Inverted arrangement of white and gray matter is brought about by unequal growth of the basal
and alar regions of the brain vesicles.

A

Pontine flexure

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8
Q

from the posterior portion of the neural tube (where there is underlying notochord)

A

Spinal cord

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9
Q

covering of the CNS; composed of pia mater, arachnoid and dura mater; derived from neural crest cells

A

Meninges

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10
Q

gives rise to the nucleus pulposus, a gel-like substance surrounded by annulus fibrosus found between vertebrae

A

Notochord

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11
Q

spaces wherein CSF-secreting choroid plexuses are found

A

Ventricles

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12
Q

consists of cranial and spinal nerves

A

PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM

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13
Q

sensory

A

afferent

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14
Q

motor

A

efferent

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15
Q

innervating skin and skeletal muscle

A

somatic

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16
Q

innervating vessels and viscera

A

visceral

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17
Q

Becomes the CNS

A

Neural tube

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18
Q

Some of it become pigment cells in skin, neurons, glial cells of PNS, forms mesenchyme.

A

Neural crest

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19
Q

Mesoderm blocks located just lateral to the notochord which induced ______ development

A

Somites

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20
Q

mesenchyme forms less-developed somites, called

A

somitomeres

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21
Q

(ventromedial region) gives rise to vertebrae, ribs, and endochondral bones at the
base of the skull.

A

Sclerotome

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22
Q

(lateral region) gives rise to the dermis of skin

A

Dermatome

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23
Q

(intermediate region) gives rise to skeletal muscles of the body

A

Myotome

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24
Q

True or false the most anterior part of the embryo is the oldest.

25
Folded endoderm encloses as a _________
blind hindgut
26
In the head region, dorso-ventral arches demarcated by grooves (clefts) appear these arches are called
Pharyngeal Arches
27
Pharybgeal Arches are bounded internally by
pharyngeal pouches
28
gives rise to bone and fascia
ectomesenchyme
29
true or false only the first three pharyngeal arches are externally evident in mammals
true
30
Telencephalon
cerebral cortex; rhinencephalon
31
lateral telocoeles
ventricles 1 and 2
32
openings of lateral telocoeles
Foramina of Monroe
33
Diencephalon
Thalamus
34
Diocele
ventricles 1, 2 & 3
35
Epiphysis
pineal gland
36
Infundibulum
neurohypophysis of pituitary gland
37
optic vesicle
retina of eye
38
Mesencephalon
corpora quadrigemina (superior and inferior colliculi)
39
Mesocoele
cerebral aqueduc
40
Metencephalon
cerebellum; pons
41
Myelencephalon
medulla oblongata
42
Myelocoele
ventricle 4
43
Neural canal
Spinal canal
44
Germinal layer of wall
Ependymal lining of spinal cord
45
Mantle layer of wall
Gray matter/cortex
46
Marginal layer of wall
White matter/medulla
47
failure of cerebellum to develop due to destruction of cerebellar cortex. Generally caused by viral infections like feline panleukopenia in cat and bovine virus diarrhea infection in calf.
Cerebellar hypoplasia and atrophy
48
premature degeneration of Purkinje cell layer of cerebellar cortex.
Cerebellar abiotrophy
49
accumulation of excessive amount of cerebrospinal fluid in the cranial cavity
Hydrocephalus
50
thin walled and greatly enlarged lateral ventricle filled with CSF.
Hydranencephaly
51
general term for a malformation of the spinal cord
Myelodysplasia
52
reduced or absence of development of one or more segments of spinal cord.
Hypoplasia (aplasia)
53
dilation of central canal due to excess accumulation of CSF
Hydromyelia
54
abnormal cavitation of the spinal cord
Syringomyelia
55
2 spinal cords develop beside each other usually in one set or meninges and in one vertebral canal.
Diplomyelia
56
2 spinal cords develop with a partition between them. Usually in separate vertebral canals and have separate meninges
Diastematomyelia
57
cleft in the neural tube cause by failure of this part to close during neurulation.
Myeloschisis
58
protrusion of the meninges through an opening in the vertebral arches to form a cyst beneath the skin.
Meningocoele
59
like menigocoele but both the meninges and the spinal cord protrude
Meningomyelocoele