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Embryology > Chapter 11 - DEVELOPMENT OF CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM > Flashcards

Chapter 11 - DEVELOPMENT OF CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM Flashcards

1
Q

Immature neurons which become the structural and functional cells of the central nervous system

A

Neuroblast

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2
Q

Develop into the connective tissue of the CNS called neuroglia.

A

Spongioblast

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3
Q

prosencephalon, mesencephalon, rhombencephalon

A

Primary brain vesicles

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4
Q

telencephalon, diencephalon, mesencephalon, metencephalon,
myelencephalon

A

Secondary Brain Vesicles

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5
Q

Ventral cranial flexure which occurs in the midbrain

A

Cephalic flexure

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6
Q

A gradual ventral bend between the hindbrain and the spinal cord

A

Cervical flexure

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7
Q

A slight dorsal bending in the rhombencephalon.
Inverted arrangement of white and gray matter is brought about by unequal growth of the basal
and alar regions of the brain vesicles.

A

Pontine flexure

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8
Q

from the posterior portion of the neural tube (where there is underlying notochord)

A

Spinal cord

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9
Q

covering of the CNS; composed of pia mater, arachnoid and dura mater; derived from neural crest cells

A

Meninges

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10
Q

gives rise to the nucleus pulposus, a gel-like substance surrounded by annulus fibrosus found between vertebrae

A

Notochord

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11
Q

spaces wherein CSF-secreting choroid plexuses are found

A

Ventricles

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12
Q

consists of cranial and spinal nerves

A

PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM

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13
Q

sensory

A

afferent

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14
Q

motor

A

efferent

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15
Q

innervating skin and skeletal muscle

A

somatic

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16
Q

innervating vessels and viscera

A

visceral

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17
Q

Becomes the CNS

A

Neural tube

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18
Q

Some of it become pigment cells in skin, neurons, glial cells of PNS, forms mesenchyme.

A

Neural crest

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19
Q

Mesoderm blocks located just lateral to the notochord which induced ______ development

A

Somites

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20
Q

mesenchyme forms less-developed somites, called

A

somitomeres

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21
Q

(ventromedial region) gives rise to vertebrae, ribs, and endochondral bones at the
base of the skull.

A

Sclerotome

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22
Q

(lateral region) gives rise to the dermis of skin

A

Dermatome

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23
Q

(intermediate region) gives rise to skeletal muscles of the body

A

Myotome

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24
Q

True or false the most anterior part of the embryo is the oldest.

A

True

25
Q

Folded endoderm encloses as a _________

A

blind hindgut

26
Q

In the head region, dorso-ventral arches demarcated by grooves (clefts) appear these arches are called

A

Pharyngeal Arches

27
Q

Pharybgeal Arches are bounded internally by

A

pharyngeal pouches

28
Q

gives rise to bone and fascia

A

ectomesenchyme

29
Q

true or false only the first three pharyngeal arches are externally evident in mammals

A

true

30
Q

Telencephalon

A

cerebral cortex; rhinencephalon

31
Q

lateral telocoeles

A

ventricles 1 and 2

32
Q

openings of lateral
telocoeles

A

Foramina of Monroe

33
Q

Diencephalon

A

Thalamus

34
Q

Diocele

A

ventricles 1, 2 & 3

35
Q

Epiphysis

A

pineal gland

36
Q

Infundibulum

A

neurohypophysis of pituitary
gland

37
Q

optic vesicle

A

retina of eye

38
Q

Mesencephalon

A

corpora quadrigemina (superior and inferior colliculi)

39
Q

Mesocoele

A

cerebral aqueduc

40
Q

Metencephalon

A

cerebellum; pons

41
Q

Myelencephalon

A

medulla oblongata

42
Q

Myelocoele

A

ventricle 4

43
Q

Neural canal

A

Spinal canal

44
Q

Germinal layer of wall

A

Ependymal lining of spinal
cord

45
Q

Mantle layer of wall

A

Gray matter/cortex

46
Q

Marginal layer of wall

A

White matter/medulla

47
Q

failure of cerebellum to develop due to destruction of cerebellar cortex. Generally caused by viral infections like feline panleukopenia in cat and
bovine virus diarrhea infection in calf.

A

Cerebellar hypoplasia and atrophy

48
Q

premature degeneration of Purkinje cell layer of cerebellar cortex.

A

Cerebellar abiotrophy

49
Q

accumulation of excessive amount of cerebrospinal fluid in the cranial
cavity

A

Hydrocephalus

50
Q

thin walled and greatly enlarged lateral ventricle filled with CSF.

A

Hydranencephaly

51
Q

general term for a malformation of the spinal cord

A

Myelodysplasia

52
Q

reduced or absence of development of one or more segments of
spinal cord.

A

Hypoplasia (aplasia)

53
Q

dilation of central canal due to excess accumulation of CSF

A

Hydromyelia

54
Q

abnormal cavitation of the spinal cord

A

Syringomyelia

55
Q

2 spinal cords develop beside each other usually in one set or meninges
and in one vertebral canal.

A

Diplomyelia

56
Q

2 spinal cords develop with a partition between them. Usually in separate vertebral canals and have separate meninges

A

Diastematomyelia

57
Q

cleft in the neural tube cause by failure of this part to close during neurulation.

A

Myeloschisis

58
Q

protrusion of the meninges through an opening in the vertebral arches to form
a cyst beneath the skin.

A

Meningocoele

59
Q

like menigocoele but both the meninges and the spinal cord protrude

A

Meningomyelocoele

Embryology (10 decks)

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