Chapter 11

Question 1

Camp, ranch

Answer 1

Any type of several similar confinement facilities for adults of juveniles.

Question 2

Case backlogs

Answer 2

crowded court dockets in either juvenile or criminal court

Question 3

Case proceeding

Answer 3

The speed with which cases are heard in either criminal or juvenile court

Question 4

Chancellors

Answer 4

King’s agent used to settle disputes between neighbors on his behalf.

Question 5

Child savers

Answer 5

Group who promoted rights of minor during the 19th century and helped create a separate juvenile court.

Question 6

Children in need of supervision (CHINS)

Answer 6

Typically unruly children who cannot be supervised well by their parents

Question 7

Criminalization

Answer 7

Transformation of civil proceeding into criminal proceeding

Question 8

Curfew violators

Answer 8

Persons under the legal age of adulthood who roam city streets beyond times when they are supposed to be in their homes.

Question 9

Deinstitutionalization

Answer 9

Providing programs in community based settings instead of institutional ones.

Question 10

Deinstitutionalization of status offenders (DSO)

Answer 10

Process of removing status offenses from jurisdiction of juvenile court.

Question 11

Direct file

Answer 11

Prosecutorial waiver of jurisdiction to a criminal court.

Question 12

Divestiture of Jurisdiction

Answer 12

Juvenile court relinquishment of control over certain types of juveniles, such as status offenders.

Question 13

Due process courts

Answer 13

Juvenile courts where the emphasis is on punishment and offender control rather than assistance.

Question 14

English Common law

Answer 14

Authority based on court decrees and judgments that recognize customs of the people.

Question 15

Foster home

Answer 15

Dwelling including family where child is placed, usually where such child is from and abusive household or without parents or legal guardians.

Question 16

Group home

Answer 16

Facilities for juveniles that provide limited supervision and support.

Question 17

Illinois Juvenile Court Act

Answer 17

Legislation establishing first juvenile court in the US in 1899.

Question 18

Intake

Answer 18

Review of a case by a court official.

Question 19

Intake hearing

Answer 19

A screening mechanism of juvenile offenders.

Question 20

Intake officer

Answer 20

Officer who conducts screening of juveniles.

Question 21

Juvenile court

Answer 21

A term of any court with original jurisdiction over person defined as juveniles.

Question 22

Juvenile delinquency

Answer 22

The violation of criminal laws by juveniles.

Question 23

Juvenile delinquent

Answer 23

Any minor who commits and offense that would be a crime if committed by an adult.

Question 24

Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974

Answer 24

Act passed by congress encouraging states to deal with their juvenile offenders differently.

Question 25

Juveniles

Answer 25

Persons who have not achieved their 18th birthday or the age of majority.

Question 26

Loiterers

Answer 26

Persons who stand around idly, hanging around.

Question 27

Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (OJJDP)

Answer 27

Designed to remove status offenders from jurisdiction of juvenile court and dispose of their cases less formally

Question 28

Parens Patriae

Answer 28

“Parent of the country” referes to doctrine that the state oversees the welfare of the youth.

Question 29

Prosecutorial waiver

Answer 29

Authority of prosecutors in juvenile cases to have those cases transfered to the jurisdiction of criminal court.

Question 30

Reformatory

Answer 30

Detention facility designed to change criminal behavior or reform it.

Question 31

Runaways

Answer 31

Juvenile who escape their homes without parental permission

Question 32

Society for the prevention of pauperism

Answer 32

Humanitarian society that established the first public reformatory house in NY

Question 33

Standard of proof

Answer 33

Norms used by court to determine validity of claims of wrongdoing against offenders.

Question 34

Status offenders

Answer 34

Juveniles who have committed an offense that would not be considered a crime if committed by and adult.

Question 35

Statutory exclusion

Answer 35

Provisions that automatically exclude juveniles from the jurisdiction of juvenile courts (e.g. murder, armed robbery)

Question 36

Stigmas

Answer 36

The result of the process of being labeled unruly or delinquent child by others.

Question 37

Stigmatize

Answer 37

The process of labeling someone as delinquent or a criminal on the basis of their behavior.

Question 38

Truant

Answer 38

Juveniles who absent themselves from school without excuse of parental of school consent.