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HS 205 > chapter 11 > Flashcards

chapter 11 Flashcards

1
Q

having too little body fat to maintain health

A

underweight

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2
Q

having a moderate amount of excess body fat

A

overweight

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3
Q

having an excess of body fat that adversely affects health

A

obesity

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4
Q

body weight exceeding 100% of normal

A

morbid obesity

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5
Q

ratio of a persons weight to height

estimation of body composition

A

body mass index

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6
Q

<18.5

A

underweight

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7
Q

18.5-24.9

A

normal

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8
Q

25.0-29.9

A

overweight

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9
Q

30-34.9

A

class I obese

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10
Q

35-39.9

A

class II obese

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11
Q

40+

A

class III obese

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12
Q 
limitations of BMI
may be inacccurate in ppl with high \_\_\_\_\_\_
- athletes
pregnant
elderly
children
A

muscle mass

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13
Q

sends very low electrical current through body
______ tissue conducts better than lipids
-done w electrodes attached to feet, hands and to machine
hand held
limitations
-less accurate
influenced by fluctiations in body water including ____ intake and ______

A

bioelectrical imedance
watery lean
alcohol intake
menstrual cycle

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14
Q

involves taking a pinch of skin at 3-7 diff locations
thickness of skin and fat measured w caliper
limitations
-technician must be well trained
requires touching exposing skin
assumes fat under ____ to total body fat

A

skinfolds

proportoonal

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15
Q 
uses very low level x rays to distinguish bone, lean, fat tissue
30 mins
limits
-expesnive
scan area is limited
A

DEXA

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16
Q 
most accurate method
"dry" weight underwater residual volume
limitations
-involves water submersion
trained technician
specialized equipment
may not be accurate for extremely obese
A

underwater weighing

17
Q 
based on air displacement
must wear swimsuit + cap
limitations
may over estimate body fat in \_\_\_\_ ppl
expesnive
requires wearing swimsuit
requires being in enclosed space for long time
A

bod pod

black

18
Q

upper body

increased risk for type __ diabetes heart disease, hypertension

A

apple shaped

2

19
Q

lower body

no significant risk for diseases

A

pear shaped

20
Q

energy expended to maintain basal or resting functions of body
varies widely
___ tissue increases your

A

basal metabolic rate (BMR)

21
Q

factors that increass BMR

A

stress, fever illness

22
Q

factors that decrease BMR

A

starvation or fasting

23
Q

energy expended to digest, absorb, transport, metabolize and store food
__-__% of total expenditure
lowest for __ highest for ____

A

thermic effect of food (TEF)
5-10
fat
protein

24
Q 
15-35% of daily expenditure
highly variable
includes both non exercise thermogenesis and volitional physical activity
amount of energy depends on 
more \_\_\_\_ groups used
intesnity 
duration
body size
A

physical activity

muscle

25
Q

1 pound of adipose tissue

A

3500 calories

26
Q

45-65% of people have at least one copy of this gene

excessive food intake and diminished satiety

A

FTO gene (fat mass and obesity associated)

27
Q

certain genes may cause ppl to be energetically thrifty
expend less energy than other ppl for the same activity
enhanced survival during times of _____
has not ben identified

A

thrifty gene

famine

28
Q

each person weight stays within small range (___)
the body compensates for changes in energy balance by altering BMR and energt levels
changing your set point may change w long term diet and acivity changes

A

set point theory

29
Q

physiological drive to eat

A

hunger

30
Q

a psychological desire to eat, absence of hunger often

A

appetite

31
Q

feeling of fullness

A

satiety

32
Q

hormone made by adipose cells
signal satiety
causes reduced food intake, reduced weight, and decrease body fat

A

leptin

33
Q

hormone made in stomach
stimmulates appetie and hunger
acts on _____

A

ghrelin

hypothalamus

34
Q

hormone produced by GI

decreses appetite

A

peptide YY or PYY

HS 205 (12 decks)

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