chapter 11 Flashcards
having too little body fat to maintain health
underweight
having a moderate amount of excess body fat
overweight
having an excess of body fat that adversely affects health
obesity
body weight exceeding 100% of normal
morbid obesity
ratio of a persons weight to height
estimation of body composition
body mass index
<18.5
underweight
18.5-24.9
normal
25.0-29.9
overweight
30-34.9
class I obese
35-39.9
class II obese
40+
class III obese
limitations of BMI may be inacccurate in ppl with high \_\_\_\_\_\_ - athletes pregnant elderly children
muscle mass
sends very low electrical current through body
______ tissue conducts better than lipids
-done w electrodes attached to feet, hands and to machine
hand held
limitations
-less accurate
influenced by fluctiations in body water including ____ intake and ______
bioelectrical imedance
watery lean
alcohol intake
menstrual cycle
involves taking a pinch of skin at 3-7 diff locations
thickness of skin and fat measured w caliper
limitations
-technician must be well trained
requires touching exposing skin
assumes fat under ____ to total body fat
skinfolds
proportoonal
uses very low level x rays to distinguish bone, lean, fat tissue 30 mins limits -expesnive scan area is limited
DEXA
most accurate method "dry" weight underwater residual volume limitations -involves water submersion trained technician specialized equipment may not be accurate for extremely obese
underwater weighing
based on air displacement must wear swimsuit + cap limitations may over estimate body fat in \_\_\_\_ ppl expesnive requires wearing swimsuit requires being in enclosed space for long time
bod pod
black
upper body
increased risk for type __ diabetes heart disease, hypertension
apple shaped
2
lower body
no significant risk for diseases
pear shaped
energy expended to maintain basal or resting functions of body
varies widely
___ tissue increases your
basal metabolic rate (BMR)
factors that increass BMR
stress, fever illness
factors that decrease BMR
starvation or fasting
energy expended to digest, absorb, transport, metabolize and store food
__-__% of total expenditure
lowest for __ highest for ____
thermic effect of food (TEF)
5-10
fat
protein
15-35% of daily expenditure highly variable includes both non exercise thermogenesis and volitional physical activity amount of energy depends on more \_\_\_\_ groups used intesnity duration body size
physical activity
muscle
